Research On The Formulation Method Of Ozone Environmental Quality Standards And The Impact Of Ozone On Human Health

Objective:Ozone which can affect human health,and there are differences in the relationship between O₃ exposure and population health in various studies.Domestic studies have focused on the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions,with fewer studies in the central and western regions.The most effective way to control O₃ pollution is to develop O₃ environmental standards,but China’s O₃ environmental benchmark research started late and has a weak foundation,lacking unified theoretical and technical methodological support,and has not yet formed China’s O₃ environmental benchmark research theoretical system,which cannot effectively support the revision of atmospheric environmental standards and atmospheric environmental management work.This paper explores the impact of O₃ exposure on the health of Chinese residents by studying the methods of setting O₃ standards in foreign countries,in order to provide a basis for the study of O₃ benchmark standards in China.Methods:Firstly,we collected literature on laws,regulations,standards,and technical documents of the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）and the World Health Organization（WHO）in the field of environmental O₃ benchmark and standard research,analyzed the background,development and main research results of O₃ benchmark research.We searched Web of Science,Pub Med,China Knowledge Network（CNKI）,Wanfang,and Wipu databases for"ozone or O₃","mortality","time series",and"oz".time series","ozone","mortality","China"as the keywords to find out the time series from January 1,1990 to December 31,2021,and the Meta-analysis of the extracted correlation effects was performed using R4.1.2 software to explore the ozone exposure-response relationship in China;Since there are few studies in the central and western regions,while Jingmen City is located in central China and has a developed chemical industry,the city used SPSS26.0 for descriptive analysis of air pollutant concentrations,meteorological data and population deaths from January 1,2015 to June 30,2021,to quantitatively explore the effects of O₃ exposure on residential mortality using a time-series Generalized Additive Model（GAM）with stratified analyses of age,gender,and education level.Results:1.EPA has revised the ozone standard five times,the concentration limit has been reduced from 157μɡ/m³ in 1971 to the current 137μɡ/m³,and the WHO has revised the ozone standard four times,and the ozone guidance value has been reduced from 200μɡ/m³to 100μɡ/m³;2.for every 10μɡ/m³ increase in atmospheric O₃ concentration,the mortality rates of total mortality,respiratory system diseases and cardiovascular system diseases of our residents increased by 0.45%（95%CI:0.39%,0.51%）,0.50%（95%CI.0.33%,0.68%）,0.60%（95%CI:0.48%,0.72%）;3.For every 10μɡ/m³ increase in O₃,the risk of death from respiratory,circulatory,hypertension,coronary heart disease and stroke among Jingmen residents increased by 0.35%（95%CI:0-0.71%）,0.43%（95%CI:0.18%-0.68%）,0.45%（95%CI:0.02%～0.91%）,0.59%（95%CI:0.16%～1.02%）,0.33%（95%CI:0.01%～0.65%）;4.During the warm season（May-October）,for every 10μɡ/m³ increase in O₃,the total risk of death for men,people aged 6-65 years,people aged>65 years,and people with less than high school education The total risk of death increased by 0.46%（95%CI:0.16%to 0.75%）,0.38%（95%CI:0.08%to 0.68%）,0.41%（95%CI:0.14%to 0.66%）,and 0.38%（95%CI:0.14%to 0.61%）,respectively.During the cold season（November-April）,the risk of death from digestive diseases increased by 1.76%（95%CI:0.66%to2.85%）for every 10μɡ/m³ increase in O₃.Conclusions:1.there are significant differences in the effects of O₃ exposure on population mortality.2.there are acute effects of O₃ pollution on the mortality risk of Jingmen residents,with the elderly,those with less than high school education,and those with cardiovascular diseases are sensitive to O₃ exposure,and the effect is stronger during the warm season（May-October）.This suggests that the elderly and people with underlying diseases should avoid outdoor activities at high ozone concentrations.