Emission Characteristics,environmental Impacts And Health Risk Assessment Of VOCs From Typical Wooden Furniture Manufacturing Industry

As a typical industrial type,the furniture manufacturing process uses a large quantity of solvents,resulting in serious emissions of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Wooden furniture accounts for more than 65%of the furniture industry,and it is the key process for VOC control such as source substitution and end treatment.This study selected typical wooden furniture enterprises as the research object,reported the VOCs emissions of different production workshops,and evaluated the environmental impact and health risk of VOCs in furniture production,in order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of VOCs pollution in the wooden furniture manufacturing industry.The conclusions are as followings:(1)Depending on the type of solvent used,the VOC emission levels and components in the wooden furniture manufacturing section are different.The edge banding workshop(183900.1μg/m~3)is the highest,followed by the undercoat workshop(13112.6μg/m~3)and the topcoat workshop(4564.2μg/m~3),and the veneering workshop(2150.0μg/m~3)was the lowest.Ether esters,aromatic hydrocarbons and dichloromethane are the main VOCs components,which dichloromethane(83.2%)is the main VOCs species in the edge banding workshop.Ethyl acetate(58.3%)and dichloromethane(17.5%)accounted for the highest proportion in the undercoat workshop.Ethyl acetate(25.2%),dichloromethane(21.5%)and m-xylene(15.6%)were the most enriched species in the topcoat workshop.M-xylene(13.6%),dichloromethane(11.7%)and cyclohexanone(10.3%)were the dominant species of VOCs in the veneering workshop,.(2)The treatment facility with activated carbon+UV photo-oxygen catalysis has the highest VOCs removal efficiency(68.6%),the treatment efficiency of the paint exhaust pipe is the best.The concentration of VOCs at the inlet and outlet of the edge banding exhaust pipe is the highest,which are39803.1μg/m~3and 16248.8μg/m3,followed by undercoat(16268.4μg/m~3and10740.8μg/m~3),paint(12255.8μg/m~3and 3849.7μg/m~3)and topcoat(10196.2μg/m~3and 7540.7μg/m~3)exhaust pipe,and veneering exhaust pipe(734.3μg/m~3and 542.9μg/m~3)has the lowest.Aldehydes and ketones of veneering and topcoat exhaust pipes accounted for the largest proportion(45.7%and 66.0%),and the contribution of cyclohexanone were 13.8%and 60.4%,respectively.The Haloalkane(77.5%)of the edge banding exhaust pipe accounted for the highest proportion,and the contribution of dichloromethane was 74.8%.The undercoat and paint exhaust pipes(60.4%and 59.2%)were dominated by ether esters,which ethyl acetate accounts for 77.1%and 58.5%,respectively.(3)The TVOCs concentrations in the upwind and downwind directions of the plant boundary were 489.7μg/m~3and 639.6μg/m~3,respectively.The VOCs in the upwind direction are aromatic hydrocarbons(43.4%),and the haloalkane(38.4%)in the downwind direction account for the largest proportion.Dichloromethane,ethyl acetate and m-xylene contributed 30.3%and 59.4%of the TVOCs in the upwind and downwind directions,respectively.(4)Estimation of ozone generation potential of VOC emissions using the MIR method,and found that aldehydes and ketones contributed the most to OFP in the veneering and paint exhaust pipes,formaldehyde(35.3%and 19.2%)contributed significantly.Aromatic hydrocarbons contributed the most to the OFP of the edge banding,undercoat and topcoat exhaust pipes,with the proportion of m-xylene accounting for 16.7%,26.5%and 22.0%,respectively.By calculating the secondary organic aerosol generation potential,it was concluded that aromatic hydrocarbons contributed 97.2%to the exhaust pipes SOAFP,which xylene,ethylbenzene and toluene contributed 88.2%of the total SOAP.The contribution of odor was estimated by the threshold dilution ratio.The results showed that the main odor substances in the factory boundary were hexanal,p-diethylbenzene and acetaldehyde,accounting for 77.6%.The main odor substances in the workshop were acetaldehyde,p-diethylbenzene,hexanal,propylbenzene and m-xylene,which contributed 66.0%.(5)The results of the health risk assessment show that the total carcinogenic risk of the edge banding workshop is 1.5E-03>1E-04(US-EPA upper limit),which is mainly affected by dichloromethane(99.8%),and the carcinogenic risk of other workshops is 5.5E-06～2.3E-05>1E-06(US-EPA acceptable value).The non-carcinogenic risk in the edge banding workshop was higher than the safety threshold 1,and dichloromethane had the greatest impact(95.5%).