Rapid Detection Of Chemical Hazards By Functional Platinum Nanomaterials

With the improvement of people’s living standards,people pay more and more attention to the harm caused by food and environmental pollutants to the human body.Therefore,the detection of chemical hazards in the environment and food is of great significance to ensure people’s health.However,traditional analytical methods for the detection of chemical hazards have certain limitations,such as being time-consuming,high cost,and need for professional analysis.Therefore,how to achieve accurate,rapid,and on-site detection of chemical hazards has attracted more and more attention.Due to its excellent enzyme-like activity and good stability in a wide p H range and temperature change,platinum nanomaterials are expected to be used to construct sensitive,efficient,and portable biochemical sensors.In this paper,platinum nanocomposites with good enzyme-like activity were synthesized and applied to the detection of chemical hazards in the environment and food.It broke through the bottleneck of visual analysis from semi-quantitative to quantitative and realized the transformation from tedious sampling method to integrated analysis.It mainly includes the following contents:1)By preparing PtZn@NC nanomaterials,a fast and intuitive colorimetric sensor for Hg²⁺detection was constructed based on the peroxidase activity of the material.In the presence of Hg²⁺,since the cysteine（Cys）structure contains thiol groups,the two will specifically bind.It will make the peroxidase activity of PtZn@NC less inhibited by cysteine（Cys）,to realize the visual detection of heavy metals(Hg²⁺)at different concentrations.Therefore,Hg²⁺can be semi-quantitatively detected by observing the color change of the solution,and accurate quantitative analysis can also be achieved when using a spectrophotometer.The detection limit of this method is 0.69μM,the linear relationship R²=0.99,with high selectivity,sensitivity,and good recovery.In addition,the heavy metal Hg²⁺in actual samples was detected by the standard addition recovery method,and the recovery rate was between 96%and 110%,which proved that the method could be used for the analysis and detection of heavy metal Hg²⁺in actual samples.（3）The hydrogen peroxide was decomposed by the catalase-like activity of platinum nanoparticles to produce water and oxygen,which led to the change of air pressure in the device.Based on the concentration of the target and the moving distance of the dye in the device as the basis for quantitative analysis,a microfluidic chip was developed for the quantitative detection of silver source substances in the environment,which realized the integrated,portable,and rapid quantitative analysis and detection.The detection limits for silver ions and silver nanoparticles were22.7 n M and 21 n M,respectively.Compared with most traditional detection methods,this method overcomes the shortcomings of not being able to perform on-site real-time detection and requiring professional operation.It has the advantages of low sample consumption,fast response,simple and convenient operation,no equipment,and portability.It has broad application prospects in environmental,food safety,and real-time detection of biological hazards.