Research On Carbon Emission Governance In Our Country And Its Pricing Mechanism Selection

Various phenomena such as air pollution,global warming,sea level rise,and the increasing frequency of major natural disasters have warned people that the carbon emissions brought about by industrialization have greatly exceeded the carbon absorption capacity of nature,seriously threatening human beings.For the survival and sustainable development of society,environmental governance has reached the point of urgency.The tradable carbon quota system has been widely adopted in practice as a negative externality governance institutional arrangement compatible with constraints and incentives.As a practitioner of this kind of institutional arrangement,our country has shifted from the regional trial stage to the comprehensive promotion stage.The effect of its governance depends entirely on the carbon trading market price,and whether the carbon market price is fairness,rationality,and effectiveness depend on the price mechanism of the carbon trading market.Exploring the price mechanism of our country’s carbon trading market is not only the need to evaluate the effect of carbon emission control,but also the practical need to improve and optimize our country’s carbon trading market trading system.On the basis of systematically sorting out the relevant research literature,and based on the negative externality governance theory,this paper discusses the internal governance,external governance and standardized market governance through the analysis of the negative externality governance schemes and means.The price mechanism under the scheme,and on the premise of the comparative analysis of different price formation mechanisms,combined with our country’s practice,chooses the normative market-based governance price formation mechanism to focus on analysis and discussion.In the empirical analysis,drawing on the theoretical analysis framework of stochastic dynamic general equilibrium,the carbon trading price factors are incorporated into the model system,and the formation mechanism and operating characteristics of carbon trading prices in our country are discussed using CGE model,and the carbon trading price is further analyzed.Based on the impact of carbon emission governance effect and economic growth effect,the countermeasures and suggestions for improving the mechanism design of our country’s carbon trading market are put forward.The research results show that:(1)The tradable carbon quota system is a dual carbon governance institutional arrangement that is compatible with constraints and incentives.This institutional arrangement increases the choices of microeconomic actors,making it possible to achieve the "dual carbon" goal.(2)The carbon trading market price under the tradable carbon quota system is determined by supply and demand,and the market makes it exist a general equilibrium solution.our country’s current carbon quota and its allocation system.(3)The impact of carbon trading price has good economic growth effect and carbon emission control effect.The specific manifestations are: carbon trading has a certain positive effect on GDP;the increase in carbon trading price promotes a significant decrease in carbon intensity,and is conducive to industrial restructuring and energy consumption structure optimization and upgrading.(4)As a kind of quasi-financial market,the carbon trading market is vulnerable to speculative shocks in its price formation,and the deviation of the equilibrium price is unreasonable in both directions.The establishment of a two-way price limit system in the carbon trading market is an effective mechanism to overcome price shocks.