| With the development of social and economy,the continuous expansion of urbanization and the continuous advancement of industrialization,the situation of air pollution in China has become more and more prominent in recent years,and heavy pollution weather appears frequently in people’s view,and air pollution has gradually become an environmental problem of national common concern.Formaldehyde(HCHO)is a component of air pollution as well as a carcinogenic toxin that coexists in people’s daily lives,making formaldehyde monitoring and treatment critical.The research region is the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong,Hong Kong,and Macao,and it incorporates many sources of data such as formaldehyde column concentration data,urban POI data,NDVI data,meteorological data,and socioeconomic data,among others.To begin,we examine the geographical and temporal distribution features of formaldehyde column concentrations from 2011 to 2020 using a combination of Kriging interpolation,Theil-Sen Median technique,Hurst index,and coefficient of variation.Then,based on the meteorological data,NDVI data and formaldehyde column concentration data,the correlation between natural influences and formaldehyde column concentration was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient on both image and time series scales,and the relationship between the two was explored by using geographic probes.Then,based on the POI data of plant facilities,other socio-economic data,the relationship between formaldehyde column concentration and anthropogenic influences is explored by using kernel density estimation method,geographic detectors and Pearson correlation coefficients.The relationship between formaldehyde column concentrations and anthropogenic influences was explored using kernel density estimation method,geographic detectors,Pearson correlation coefficients,etc.,and differential prevention and control countermeasures were targeted according to anthropogenic influences to provide theoretical support for the management of atmospheric formaldehyde pollution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.The research results show that.(1)In terms of temporal distribution,the distribution of formaldehyde column concentrations in Guangdong,Hong Kong,Macao and the Greater Bay Area from2011 to 2020 has obvious regularity: on the scale of monthly mean values,the distribution pattern is similar to that of a sine function,with 12 months in a year as the cycle,with low values occurring in December,January and February of a year,and high values often occurring in August to October of a year;on the scale of seasonal mean values,the order of seasonal mean values from low to high is On the scale of annual mean values,the formaldehyde column concentrations in the Great Bay region showed significant changes during the study period,with the overall changes showing fluctuations and fluctuations,and the concentration values did not change much in general.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the areas with high formaldehyde column concentrations were mainly distributed in the northern of Zhaoqing and the northern of Huizhou,and the overall distribution showed a decreasing trend from northwest to southeast.(2)In the trend analysis,the spatial distribution of formaldehyde column concentration from 2011 to 2020 showed a fluctuating trend,showing an overall increasing trend;based on the trend change results of the Hurst index,the formaldehyde column concentration in most areas in the future will change;based on the results of coefficient of variation,the formaldehyde distribution over the atmosphere of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area during this decade was more stable and less discrete in inland areas;the formaldehyde distribution in coastal areas was less stable and more discrete.(3)Two methods,Pearson correlation coefficient and geographic probe,were used to investigate in the study of natural influences.In the correlation analysis based on Pearson correlation coefficient,NDVI,precipitation and air temperature were found to be correlated with formaldehyde column concentration on the image metric scale,among which,the average correlation coefficients of NDVI,precipitation and air temperature with formaldehyde column concentration were 0.1914,0.2697 and 0.4929,respectively,which showed positive correlation overall,indicating that NDVI,precipitation and air temperature played a certain degree of The values of NDVI,precipitation and air temperature were found to be significantly correlated with formaldehyde column concentration in time series scale,among which,the highest correlation coefficient with formaldehyde column concentration was air temperature with 0.542,followed by NDVI with a correlation coefficient of 0.303,and finally,the correlation between precipitation and formaldehyde column concentration with a correlation coefficient of In the variance and factor detection analysis based on the geographic probe model,it was found that NDVI and air temperature had strong explanatory power on formaldehyde column concentration during this 10-year period,indicating that NDVI and air temperature had a more significant effect on formaldehyde column concentration,precipitation was the factor with the greatest fluctuation on formaldehyde column concentration during this 10-year period,and the explanatory power of precipitation factor on formaldehyde column concentration was higher from 2018 to 2020.The explanatory power of DEM on formaldehyde column concentration was very low,only 0.027,and did not pass the significance test;in the interaction detector,it was found that the highest explanatory power of precipitation on formaldehyde column concentration was found in 2020 after the interaction with NDVI,and the lowest explanatory power was found in 2016 after the interaction between temperature and precipitation.(4)In the investigation of the anthropogenic influencing factors,it was found that the influence of POI data of factory facilities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area on formaldehyde column concentration was more significant,with an explanatory power q value of 0.196;gross product,automobile ownership,energy consumption,and building construction area showed positive correlation with formaldehyde column concentration,and the correlation coefficients from high to low were building construction area > energy consumption > automobile ownership >Based on the above findings,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the prevention,control and management of atmospheric formaldehyde pollution are proposed from the perspectives of construction materials,laws and regulations,energy structure,environmental protection vehicles and industrial structure,which provide theoretical basis for the management of atmospheric environment in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. |
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