| The economic development of our country has made the connection between cities increasingly close,and the intercity road has gradually become an indispensable part in the economic development of our country.《Standard for Design of Intercity Highway(T/CECS G:C10-02-2020)》(hereinafter referred to as the standard),launched in 2020,defines for the first time the technical indicators related to intercity roads,but its technical support mainly depends on the southern intercity roads,and the influence of the long winter and low temperature in the northern cold region on the road surface and roadside environment.The driving environment of the northern intercity road is obviously different from that of the southern intercity road.The linear design technical index in the "Standard" is not suitable for the northern cold area.According to the characteristics of the driving environment in cold regions in winter,this paper starts from the visual characteristics of drivers,based on the eye-movement parameters of drivers in different linear sections of intercity roads in cold regions in winter,analyzes the influence of the key indicators of road alignment on drivers’ visual characteristics under the environmental characteristics of cold regions in winter,discusses the value of the linear indicators of intercity roads in cold regions,and puts forward optimization suggestions on the setting of traffic safety facilities.This paper first analyzes the influence of intercity road alignment on road safety under the influence of winter characteristics in cold regions,determines the key influencing factors of alignment,and selects the speed as the auxiliary index of the test.The basic form of driver’s eye movement is introduced.The change rate of pupil area and fixation duration,which reflect driving visual state,are selected as the experimental eye movement indexes.Secondly,the real car eye movement test was designed and carried out.Changchun Changqing Highway was selected as the test road.According to the road design drawings and field exploration,the road was divided into straight section,flat curve section and longitudinal slope section.Dikablis eye tracker and incar camera were used to collect the data of pupil area,fixation duration and vehicle speed of drivers driving on three linear sections of intercity roads under the influence of environmental characteristics in cold regions in winter.Laida criterion was applied to clean the data errors and further verify the application premise of principal component regression analysis of data.Thirdly,based on the change characteristics of three kinds of data,namely,pupil area,change rate,fixation duration and vehicle speed,the three kinds of data were integrated by principal component regression analysis method to construct visual load models of drivers in straight line,flat curve,uphill and downhill sections respectively.Combined with the quartile method,we defined three levels of high,medium and low visual load of four driving sections.The influence of linear key indicators on visual load changes when drivers are driving in four types of road sections is analyzed,and the high-pressure road sections and related causes are further discussed.Finally,aiming at controlling or reducing drivers’ visual load on four types of linear sections,the relationship model between key linear indicators and drivers’ visual high load ratio on intercity roads in cold areas was further constructed,and the suggested value,general value or limit value of key linear indicators on straight sections,flat curve sections and longitudinal slopes were proposed.Based on the variation characteristics of driving visual load in four types of linear sections under the influence of the environmental characteristics of the cold region in winter,the optimization suggestions of traffic infrastructure were proposed from the aspects of speed control,driving vigilance and road anti-skid,and the traffic safety improvement scheme of Changqing highway was proposed simultaneously. |
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