Research On Vertical Ultra-smooth Grinding Process Of Spindle Outer Cylindrical Surface

Precision spindle manufacturing technology is a key technology in equipment manufacturing.It has been used as a hot spot in research and application all over the world.The surface roughness and roundness of precision spindle parts are important parameters that affect the rotation accuracy and performance of spindle shafting.Therefore,the roundness and surface roughness parameters of the spindle parts need to be further improved after precision grinding to meet the accuracy requirements of precision machine tools or precision rods.However,due to various problems in traditional processing methods,the application of spindle parts in various scientific and technological fields is greatly limited.In order to further improve the roundness and surface roughness of the outer cylindrical surface of the spindle parts after grinding,a precision vertical grinding method for the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft was proposed.This paper mainly studied and analyzed the method from four parts: grinding removal mechanism,vertical grinding process system modeling,experimental setup and process parameter optimization.Firstly,the mechanism of material grinding removal is studied,and the influencing factors of grinding precision and efficiency of cylindrical surface outside spindle are analyzed.Secondly,through the simulation modeling of vertical lapping process system,the influencing factors of workpiece roundness error are analyzed.Then a special experimental machine tool for vertical grinding of outer cylindrical surface was built,and the accuracy test of vertical grinding experimental machine tool was completed.Finally,the orthogonal grinding experiment was carried out by using the vertical grinding experimental machine tool.The influence of three key process parameters of cylinder pressure,oilstone particle size and spindle speed on the machining accuracy of shaft parts was analyzed.Based on the orthogonal experiment method,the standard L9(34)orthogonal experiment table was designed,and the grinding experiment was carried out strictly according to the experimental number in the orthogonal experiment table.The experimental data were analyzed by S / N response method and ANOVA variance method,and the optimized process parameters were obtained.The optimized process parameters were used to grind the outer cylindrical surface of five40 Cr material spindles with a size of Φ50 mm × 160 mm.The experimental results show that the average material removal rate of the sample is 7 μm / h,the average roundness error is reduced from 4.12 μm to 1.47 μm,and the surface roughness is reduced from 326 nm to41 nm after the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is processed by the vertical grinding method for 3 h.