Study On The Mechanism Of Activation Flotation Of Ilmenite In Metal Ion-benzohydroxamic Acid Syste

Ilmenite has become an indispensable raw material ore in the development of the titanium industry.China’s ilmenite resources are abundant,but generally low grade,mostly difficult to select type ilmenite ore,and with the increasing depth of mining,the nature of ilmenite tends to be complex,resulting in increased selection difficulties.The flotation process is one of the measures to effectively recovery of difficult ilmenite.The excellent flotation performance of the combination of metal ions in flotation reagents and hydroxamic acid collectors has been focused on.In this paper,ilmenite and titanaugite were taken as the research objects.Al³⁺and Pb²⁺were introduced on the basis of benzohydroxamic acid as collector.The effects of Al-benzohydroxamic acid system and Pb-benzohydroxamic acid system on the flotation behavior of ilmenite and titanaugite were investigated by micro-flotation test.The adsorption mechanism and difference of the two systems on the surface of ilmenite and titanaugite were explained by solution chemical analysis,zeta potential change,powder contact angle,reagent adsorption amount,reagent adsorption stability,XPS analysis and TOF-SIMS analysis,and verified by the actual flotation test of ilmenite.This research will enrich the theoretical research of metal ion activation and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the direction of ilmenite activation flotation.The results of micro-flotation test showed that the flotation effect of adding Al-BHA complex in Al-benzohydroxamic acid system is better than that of Al³⁺+BHA sequential dosing method,and the recovery rate of single mineral flotation is about 10percentage points higher,and the introduction of Al³⁺has a certain inhibitory effect on the flotation of titanaugite,which is beneficial to the further separation of ilmenite and titanaugite.Compared with the two complex collectors,the Pb-BHA complex has better collecting performance for ilmenite and titanaugite than Al-BHA,while the Al-BHA complex shows stronger selective separation ability for ilmenite and titanaugite.The results of the assay analysis showed that the Al-benzohydroxamic acid system and the Pb-benzohydroxamic acid system had similarities when they were acted on the surface of ilmenite,and there were differences when they were acted on the surface of titanaugite.Adsorption detection,powder contact angle detection and Zeta potential detection methods verified that the adsorption effect of the pre-mixed addition of the reagent in the Al-benzohydroxamic acid system was better than that of the sequential addition of the reagent,and the collection and selectivity of the two complex collectors were consistent with the micro-flotation results.The adsorption intensity of Pb species was higher than that of Al species on both ilmenite and titanaugite surfaces,and the adsorption capacity of BHA caused by Pb-BHA complex was higher than that of Al-BHA complex,which proved the strong collecting property of Pb-BHA complex and the high selectivity of Al-BHA complex.From the solution chemical analysis and XPS analysis,it can be seen that the Al-benzohydroxamic acid system has both chemical adsorption and physical adsorption during the adsorption process on the surface of ilmenite.The chemical adsorption of Al-BHA complex was more than that of Al³⁺+BHA sequential dosing method,resulted in better flotation effect of Al-BHA complex.In Al-benzohydroxamic acid system and Pb-benzohydroxamic acid system,the action mode of collector is O as a bridge,forming new chemical bonds（Al-O bond or Pb-O bond）,which were adsorbed on the Fe and Ti active sites on the surface of ilmenite.On the surface of titanaugite,the collector in Al-benzohydroxamic acid system was mainly adsorbed on the Mg active site,and the collector in Pb-benzohydroxamic acid system was mainly adsorbed on the Ca active site.TOF-SIMS analysis similarly demonstrated the adsorption properties of Al species,Pb species and that the addition of metal ions increased the active sites on the ilmenite surface,prompting the collector to complete the adsorption more uniformly.The results of actual mineral validation tests showed that Al-BHA complexes and Pb-BHA complexes have some application prospects under good control of metal ion contamination and other issues.Compared with the effect of industrial agent YW-1,the two complex collectors have the advantages of simple flotation process and low process cost,and can obtain qualified titanium concentrate with Ti O₂ grade above 46%through the process of"one roughing,one cleaning and two scavenging",but the tailing Ti O₂recovery rate is 6 percentage points higher than the industrial agent scheme.The two complex collectors still have room for improvement in the practical application of ilmenite flotation.The flotation process and reagent system can be continuously optimized to further improve the recovery rate of ilmenite concentrate.