Study On New Technology For Processing Raw Material Down Of Wanxi White Goose To Improve Quality And Reduce Loss

The Wanxi white geese,a distinctive agricultural resource in the province of Anhui,is prized for its high distribution density,long-fibered down,and high down quality.However,there is currently no information available regarding the washing,decontamination,sterilization and sterilizing processes used on the raw West Anhui white goose down.The problem of insufficient or excessive washing,and direct usage of washing agents for processing of universal poultry feathers,is the simple cause to decrease the quality of the down feathers which is causing to consume a lot of energy and water.Therefore,based on the analysis of the type and content of stains on the surface of wanxi white goose down,this paper developed a special water treatment,optimized the washing process parameters,and constructed a new washing strategy of down samples.This process proves a high efficiency and energy saving for west Anhui white goose down feathers.In addition,in order to improve the added value of wanxi white goose down,high efficient flame retardants were selected,and the functional down with high flame retardancy was prepared by using impregnation method.Thus by this techniques,the finished washed down wanxi white goose can expand the application scenarios of down and its products.The specific research content and results are as follows:(1)Identification method and classification of raw material down stains: a method of "one blow and two wash" was designed and developed to analyze the stain type and content of down material.The components of down and stain were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM)and three-dimensional ultra-depth of field microscopic system.The results show that the stains on down material can be divided into dust stains,water-soluble stains and grease stains by "one blow and two wash" method.The average variance value of the test is less than 0.2,and the coefficient of variation is less than 12%,which has high reliability.This method has the characteristics of high accuracy,good repeatability,wide application and strong stability.By using this method,the stain analysis of the raw material of wanxi white goose down shows that the content of dust stain is 2.98%,water soluble stain is 3.54% and oil stain is8.17%.It provides data support for washing processing of down material of wanxi white goose.(2)Development of water agent for wanxi white goose down material and optimization of water washing process: according to the type and content characteristics of wanxi white goose raw material down stain,DX-1,DX-2 and DX-3 were selected as the main components of water agent DW,and the optimal ratio of water agent and the optimal washing process were determined by orthogonal test.The results showed that the optimal formula of DW was DX-1 58%,DX-2 20%,DX-3 12%,ethanol3%,defoamer 0.1%,deionized water 6.9%.Water agent DW has good emulsification,wetting permeability and high efficiency.The optimal washing process conditions are as follows: the dosage of water agent is2.0%(o.w.f),the washing temperature is 40 o C,and the washing time is 40 min.The optimized washing process has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection,and meets the requirements of "double carbon" target.(3)Preparation and property analysis of flame retardant functional wanxi white goose down : In this paper,the high efficiency flame retardant agent was selected and the short process flame retardant finishing of down was carried out by dipping method.The combustion properties,microstructure and chemical structure of down samples before and after flame retardant finishing were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the mixture system of 10 g/L phytic acid(PA)and 5g/L ammonium polyphosphate(APP)had excellent flame retardant effect on down feathers.The limited oxygen index increased from 23% to32.8%,and the synergistic effect of phosphorus and nitrogen system excellently enhanced the flame retardant property of down.The process is short,much convenient,and easy to operate as well as it reduces the loss of raw materials in the preparation of flame-retardant down.Thus,this paper focuses on the priority areas and advantageous resources of Anhui province,highlights the market demand and application orientation,and carries out key technology research and development in order to improve the quality of wanxi white goose down.This study excellently reduce the water and energy consumption as well as resulting in promoting the sustainable and healthy development of down processing industry.