Research Of People Evacuation Model Considering Environmental Familiarity And Companion Behavior

With the rapid development of China’s social economy,there are more and more pedestrian intensive places.In such places,the environment is complex and the density of pedestrians is large,which is easy to produce large-scale crowd gathering.Once there is an emergency,improper evacuation will cause crowded stampede accidents,and even cause casualties in serious cases.Therefore,how to avoid the happening of accident evacuation and how after the accident will be reduced to minimize risk has become the research focus of scholars both at home and abroad.However,pedestrian evacuation is a very complicated process involving various factors,there are many problems waiting to be solved at the present stage.Pedestrians as the main body of a study to evacuate,pedestrian evacuation behavior when key factors determine the success or failure of the evacuation.Based on this,this paper studies the evacuation behavior of familiar and unfamiliar pedestrians,set up a model considering environmental familiarity and companion behavior,the following behavior of unfamiliar pedestrians is divided into random following and fixed following,and the two following behaviors are modeled and analyzed.The main contents are as follows:(1)Based on the cellular field model,environmental familiarity was introduced into the model to analyze the random following behavior of unfamiliar pedestrians.In this model,pedestrians are divided into familiar pedestrians and unfamiliar pedestrians by environmental familiarity,and evacuation behavior of pedestrians is analyzed by setting different environmental familiarity and different personnel density.The simulation results show that under the same environment familiarity,the higher the pedestrian density,the longer the evacuation time;With the same pedestrian density,the greater the environmental familiarity,the more familiar pedestrians,and the stronger the random following effect of unfamiliar pedestrians.(2)Visibility and pedestrian conversion rules are introduced into environmental familiarity model to analyze the impact of evacuation environment and pedestrian communication on evacuation process.According to the rational evacuation strategy and the blind evacuation strategy,the pedestrians who are not familiar with the environment carry out random following behavior in the evacuation process,and analyze the influence of environmental familiarity on the evacuation time.The simulation results show that when visibility is constant,the distribution of pedestrians changes from irregular to regular with the increase of environmental familiarity.The transformation rule has a significant effect on the improvement of evacuation probability when the environmental familiarity is small.When the visibility is small,the evacuation efficiency of rational evacuation is low,and then with the increase of visibility,the evacuation efficiency of rational evacuation is higher than that of blind evacuation.(3)A cellular automata model was established by introducing companion behavior into the model.Three kinds of evacuation crowd were set up in the model,which were all individual pedestrians who were familiar with the environment,all were companion behavior,both individual and companion behavior existed simultaneously.The influence of different personnel density and different proportion of the group on the evacuation process was simulated under the three conditions.The simulation results show that with the same pedestrian density,the evacuation time of pedestrians with different proportions was larger than individuals.(4)Obstacles were added in the simulation scenarios of the companion behavior model,and the concept of risk was introduced into the model to represent the influence of obstacles on evacuation route selection.The individual evacuation and companion pedestrian evacuation with different proportions were simulated in vertical,horizontal and horizontal-vertical obstacle arrangement modes respectively.The simulation results show that when all obstacles are individuals,vertical arrangement is the best.When two types of pedestrians exist at the same time,the best arrangement is horizontal-vertical.