| Diabetes Mellitus(DM)is a group of diseases mainly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia,influenced by genetic factors and environmental factors,and caused by physiological and metabolic disorders caused by abnormal insulin secretion function of islet cells.Although studies have reported that diabetes has been reversed,diabetes cannot be completely cured at present.Besides drug therapy,nutritional therapy plays an important role in regulating metabolic disorders and slowing complications in patients.Foods for Special Medical Purposes for Diabetes(FSMPD)is a special nutritional formula food,which can effectively improve the blood lipid level of DM patients and provide nutritional support for the treatment of DM.Play the effect of relieving diabetes and nutritional treatment.Protein is one of the main nutrients of FSMPD formula components,and high-quality protein components are the core content of the design of FSMPD.The excellent nutritional properties of Marine aquatic protein have become the essential factors of special medicine food formula components.In this paper,squid protein component of special medicine food formula with excellent nutritional properties was obtained from squid carcass,FSMPD and production process were designed,and the squid protein component FSMPD was evaluated.Extraction and characterization of protein isolate from squid carcass.Based on the principle of isoelectric point of protein solubility,the method of alkali soluble acid precipitation was used to extract squid carcass protein isolate.The SDS-PAGE electrophoresis results of Argentine squid,Batrou fish and Pacific squid showed that the relative molecular weights of the three kinds of squid carcass proteins were distributed in the range of 36-280 k Da.The ash content of the three squid proteins was lower than1.85%,and the protein content of the three squid proteins was higher than 80% by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method.The results of protein solubility test showed that the solubility of the three squid proteins was affected by the p H of the solution,and the overall solubility was U-shaped.When the p H of the solution was close to the neutral range,the solubility of the three squid proteins was very low,especially when the p H was between 6 and 7,the solubility was the lowest.When the solution gradually deviated from the neutral range,the dissolution of the three squid proteins gradually increased.When the solution p H was 2 and 12,the solubility of the three proteins reached the maximum,and the values were similar.The results showed that the foamability,foamability,foamability and foamability of the three squid proteins were poor.Amino acid analysis results showed that the three squid proteins contained 17 amino acids,and the proportion of essential amino acids in total amino acids was43.64%,42.63% and 42%,and the proportion of essential amino acids in non-essential amino acids was 77.45%,74.29% and 72.42%,respectively.All of them meet the high quality protein standard proposed by WHO.These results indicated that the three kinds of squid carcass proteins were all high quality proteins.Pilot production technology and product formulation design of squid carcass protein isolate.According to the preparation method of squid carcass protein isolate in the laboratory,it was expanded to a small production line for small-scale preparation,respectively through ultrasonic cleaning,chopping,extraction,centrifugation,membrane filtration,concentration,spray drying process.The ultrasonic power was set at 500 W during the ultrasonic process,the temperature of the inner tank was set at45 ℃ and the temperature of the outer wall was set at 55 ℃ during the extraction process,and the extraction time was set at 2 hours.During the membrane filtration,the inlet pressure and outlet pressure of the ceramic membrane were adjusted to 3.0 bar and2.0 bar,and the vacuum of the control equipment was about 0.05 Mpa during the enrichment process.The amino acid analysis results of the squid carcass protein isolate prepared by this technology showed that the proportion of essential amino acids in the protein isolate was 42.71% and that of essential amino acids was 74.51%,which reached the quality protein standard proposed by the World Health Organization.In the process of formulation design,squid protein was used as protein source,and cassava starch,corn starch and oligosaccharide were used as carbohydrates.As fat,the energy supply ratio of fish oil powder and olive oil powder was 42.41% and 37.68%,respectively.10 g dietary fiber and other trace elements were added to the formula.Process design of squid protein component for diabetes special medicine food.According to the analysis of the relative standard deviation of protein and vitamin C,the mixing uniformity of the product by the fractional mixing process is better than that by the single mixing process.When the mixing time is 20 min and the mixing frequency is20 Hz,the mixing uniformity of the product is good.In addition,the relative standard deviation values of some nutrients are analyzed in the mixing process stability experiment.The results show that the dry mixing process for producing powder has good stability and is suitable for actual production.Quality inspection of squid protein components for diabetic special medicine food products.With squid protein as components and whey protein as components,the formula powder was prepared into tablets for testing.Lactalbumin combined with Squid protein group(SPG),Lactalbumin combined with squid protein group,LCSPG,Lactalbumin group(LG),SPG,LCSPG and LG products were all less than ±5% in tablet weight difference,less than 15 min in disintegration time,less than 8% in water content and less than 4% in ash content.The test results were in line with the standards.In SPG,LCSPG and LG products,the essential amino group accounted for 55.46%,56.88% and 52.95% of the total amino acids,respectively.The proportion of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 124.5%,131.9% and 112.5%,respectively,which were all higher than the protein model proposed by WHO that the proportion of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 0.6.In the microbial detection analysis,the total number of colonies in SPG,LCSPG and LG products was less than10,000 CFU/g,the number of coliform bacteria was less than 0.92 MPN/g,the num ber of yeast was less than 50 CFU/g,the number of mold was less than 10 CFU/g,and no pathogenic bacteria were detected,and the detection results were in line with the standards.The heavy metal test results of SPG,LCSPG and LG products showed that the heavy metal contents of lead,arsenic and mercury were all within the index range.In the test of high temperature,high humidity,strong light and acceleration,the indicators of SPG,LCSPG and LG products were all within the quality standard range,the quality of tablets was stable and the products were qualified.The protein isolate was extracted from squid carcass by alkaline solution acid precipitation method and its protein properties were analyzed.Based on the method of protein extraction in laboratory,this paper expanded to produce squid carcass protein isolation in a small production line.The formula design process is based on the general rules of formula food for special medical use in China.The proportion of nutrients in the formula is determined with squid protein as the component.The production process of FSMPD is designed.The appearance,heavy metal content and stability of FSMPD tablet products meet the product quality standards. |
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