Application Of Cyanine Near Infrared Fluorescent Dyes In Tumor Diagnosis And Treatment

The tumor is one of the most severe diseases,and their early diagnosis significantly improves patients’ prognosis and survival rate.Therefore,real-time dynamic monitoring of some diseases is vital in diagnosis and treatment.Early diagnosis of major illnesses such as cancer is crucial to the success of treatment and survival.There is an urgent need to establish a stable,efficient,and safe multi-functional fluorescence system to accelerate the achievement of a precise and personalized diagnosis and treatment system.Near-infrared fluorescence bioimaging methods have received much attention from researchers as promising non-invasive,real-time,high-resolution imaging method.Besides,Relevant researchers considered photothermal therapy(PTT)a profitable noninvasive treatment strategy with fewer side effects than conventional cancer treatments.Hence,developing a photothermal agent with high photothermal conversion efficiency and good biocompatibility is essential.The specific studies are as follows:(1)The dual-lock strategy utilizes two biomarkers as trigger targets and can improve the specificity and accuracy of the diagnosis.This work reported a dual-locked NIR probe,m-BA-Hcy,which releases the hemicyanine fluorophore Hcy-OH upon activation of the reactive oxygen species(ROS)and tyrosinase(TYR)cascades.During the activation of the ROS and TYR cascade,the boronic acid structure on m-BA-Hcy first reacts with the overexpressed ROS in tumor cells to obtain a 3-hydroxyphenyl methoxy recognition group,which can specifically recognize TYR;TYR can convert the phenol structure to a catechol structure and the resulting hydroxylated unit will be spontaneously removed by subsequent 1,6-rearrangement elimination,exposing the fluorophore with enhanced fluorescence.Further live cell bioimaging results showed that m-BA-Hcy reacts only to melanoma cells,providing a new method for accurately detecting melanoma.(2)In this paper,a Cyanine aggregate@PDA with a polydopamine shell was constructed,demonstrating excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and stability.In vivo,experimental results showed that Cyanine aggregate@PDA had significant tumor ablation effects on the 4T1 mouse tumor model under 808 nm laser irradiation.In addition,toxicity studies showed that Cyanine aggregate@PDA has a good biocompatibility and safety profile.