Simulation Study On Influencing Factors Of Passenger Flow Emergency Evacuation Time In Urban Rail Transit Stations

According to the requirements of《Technical specification for safety assessment before initial operation of urban rail transit Part 1:Metro and light rail》issued by the Ministry of transport in 2019,dynamic simulation software shall be used to simulate and test the passenger evacuation in case of emergency.At present,the social force model has been widely used in the simulation modeling of passenger evacuation.Under the condition that the station facilities and layout remain unchanged,the main factors affecting the evacuation time are the number of passengers,speed and size.These factors need to be reasonably set in the simulation calculation of passenger evacuation time in rail transit stations.Therefore,on the basis of correctly constructing the passenger evacuation simulation model,it is necessary to carry out simulation experimental research on the three influencing factors of passenger number,speed and size,so as to provide parameter setting and evaluation basis for the passenger evacuation simulation test of stations on newly opened lines.The main contents of the paper include:(1)This paper summarizes the research status and evacuation standards of passenger flow emergency evacuation in rail transit stations at home and abroad,analyzes the layout of urban rail transit stations,passenger self-organization behavior,evacuation behavior law and passenger traffic characteristics,expounds the simulation modeling method and social force model used for passenger evacuation,and introduces in detail the principles and methods of Monte Carlo simulation experiment,single factor rotation method and 2~k factorial experiment.(2)The simulation model of passenger flow emergency evacuation in urban rail transit stations is constructed by using AnyLogic simulation software.The effectiveness of the model is verified by surface validity,passenger evacuation speed and self-organization phenomenon during evacuation.(3)Monte Carlo method and single factor rotation method are used to study the effects of evacuation number,passenger speed and passenger diameter on evacuation time;A 2K factorial experiment is designed.The main utility and interactive utility of the number of evacuees,passenger speed and diameter on the evacuation time are analyzed by SPSS software,and the internal mechanism of different interactive utility is analyzed,which provides a theoretical basis for the setting of influencing factors of evacuation simulation test.The simulation results show that when the number of evacuees reaches a certain number,there is an inflection point,and the increase of the number of evacuees will greatly prolong the evacuation time;Under the condition of congestion,when the passenger speed is greater than1.5m/s,it has no significant effect on shortening the evacuation time;Under the condition of congestion,when the passenger diameter is greater than a certain value(depending on the width of evacuation facilities),the evacuation time appears an inflection point and the evacuation time is significantly prolonged;When the number of evacuees is small,the change of passenger speed can significantly affect the evacuation time;When the number of evacuees reaches a certain number,the influence of passenger diameter on evacuation time is more significant than passenger speed.