Study On Design Of New Type Rural Toilet In Northwest Semiarid Area

With the development of China’s economy and the improvement of people’s living standards,the problem of rural toilets has become an important part of rural human settlements.In recent years,the rural toilet revolution has been further promoted,sanitary toilets have been continuously popularized,and the rural living environment has been significantly improved.However,in the rural areas of semi-arid areas in northwest China,due to the limitations of living habits,economic conditions and natural conditions,the effect of toilet reform is still not good.There are many inconvenient problems in the use of rural toilets.First of all,this paper sorts out relevant domestic and foreign literatures and excellent cases of eco-toilets,classifies and compares the existing toilet technologies,understands the development of flush toilets and dry toilets,studies the working performance and use cost of different toilets,and selects the toilet technologies suitable for rural use in northwest China as manure-urine diversity dry toilets and three-compartment septic tanks.Secondly,by consulting literature and related books,I learned the wisdom of traditional dry toilets in China,and learned the wisdom of traditional folk dry toilets in the construction process and the treatment and utilization of feces.Then,through field investigation and questionnaire interview,the difficulties in the reconstruction of Xihaigu area and the living habits and wishes of the local people were explored.It was found that the dry toilets in Xihaigu area had problems such as unreasonable yard space layout,incomplete enclosure structure and poor sanitation.There are some problems such as unscientific layout of courtyard space,inconvenient cleaning and maintenance of septic tanks,and inadequate anti-freezing measures for toilets.Finally,according to the above toilet technology arrangement,excellent case study and field investigation,the toilet design strategy suitable for rural areas in Xihaigu is explored,and a representative new agricultural toilet design is made according to the different actual conditions in rural areas in northwest China.After the above research,this paper draws the following conclusions:Manure-urine diversity dry toilets should be selected at the junction of living area and breeding area in the farmhouse yard in semi-arid area of northwest China;The semi-underground manure storage tank equipped with glass cover plate can enhance the absorption of solar radiation by the manure storage tank,thus promoting the harmless treatment of manure.The construction position of three septic tank toilets in rural houses should be close to bedrooms and living rooms and close to roads;Three-compartment septic tank toilets that cannot share heating with other rooms should build flushing tanks and septic tanks below the frozen soil as anti-freezing measures.The requirements put forward by the toilet renovation work for the new village planning are as follows: the centralized new village adopts a courtyard with a north-south opening door,and the north-south access road is more conducive to the use of toilets and the sunshine in the bedroom.The requirements of toilet reform for the optimization of old villages are: improving the sanitary quality of dry toilets and strengthening management;Optimize the composting method;Through reasonable arrangement and decoration,the modern equipment and the old village style will be coordinated and unified.