Research And Design Of Carbon Chain Via On Improved PBFT Algorithm

Strive to achieve carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 is a major strategic decision for our country.Therefore,research related to carbon emissions has become a social hotspot,and the digital management of carbon emissions has become the focus of it.The carbon emission management system in the database-based carbon emission digital service platform is limited by the traditional database management method,and there are problems such as incomplete data storage,low carbon verification adaptability,serious centralization,and low data credibility.With the characteristics of decentralization/multi-center,operation trace,traceability and nontampering,blockchain has unique advantages in carbon emission management.Therefore,in order to solve the problem of carbon emission management and carbon verification in my country’s certified voluntary emission reductions(Chinese Certified Emission Reduction,CCER),it is necessary to establish a blockchain public service platform(carbon chain)management system based on the alliance chain to serve the green and low-carbon development of energy.The focus of this research and practice.The main work and innovations are as follows:(1)Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and limited number of consensus nodes in the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant Consensus Algorithm(Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance,PBFT)of the consortium chain,an improved PBFT algorithm based on parallel computing is proposed.The algorithm first evaluates and classifies all nodes according to the trust degree evaluation model and generates a consensus node set.Then use the K-medoids clustering algorithm to randomly group the collection to achieve the purpose of reducing malicious nodes,reducing communication consumption and breaking the limit on the number of consensus nodes.Finally,the CUDA parallel computing technology is introduced to improve the computing efficiency of the hash algorithm through CPU-GPU collaboration,and at the same time improve the throughput and concurrency of the PBFT algorithm to meet the requirements of improving the consensus efficiency of the algorithm.Experiments show that the improved algorithm increases the throughput by nearly 70% and reduces the transaction delay by nearly 33%.(2)The carbon emission management system via on the database has problems such as incomplete collection and storage of carbon emission information data,low carbon verification adaptability,severe centralization,and low data credibility.Taking the lighting system as an example,a carbon chain management system integrating data collection,storage,and certificate storage is designed,and the prototype is initially realized.First,according to the requirements of accurate energy consumption data statistics,credible certificate storage,sub-item measurement refinement and carbon emission data management credible requirements of massive distributed nodes,a prototype of the blockchain carbon chain management system via on the alliance chain is designed.Then,by adding an integrated chip module to the lighting node,the energy consumption of the lighting node can be accurately measured and trusted.Finally,according to the intelligent management requirements of carbon asset development,transaction,quota auction and other processes in the carbon chain management system prototype,a smart contract is designed to realize the automatic control of transaction,statistics and punishment.(3)The improved PBFT algorithm is used in the carbon chain management system.By loading the algorithm,the number of consensus nodes that can be added to the carbon chain management system is increased,and the system throughput is increased.The simulation comparison experiment shows that compared with the system via on PBFT algorithm,the improved carbon chain management system improves the operation efficiency by nearly 40%.