Self-powered Sensors Based On Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator

With the continuous development of electronic technology,miniaturization,wearability,and functionality have become a common trend.The number of intelligent wearable electronic products has increased dramatically,and they have been widely used in various aspects such as medical health,human safety,data communication,and so on.The biggest obstacle to the commercialization of wearable electronic devices is access to energy.The optimal solution is to use sustainable,maintenance-free,and self-sufficient micro/nano energy sources to obtain energy from the daily environment and directly power the equipment.Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)can collect environmental mechanical energy and convert it into electrical energy,which is undoubtedly the best solution to the power supply problem of wearable electronic devices.Wearable TENG works by collecting mechanical energy generated by human motion,which requires wearable TENG to fit human motion and not hinder human normal life and movement.Only TENG as a whole has excellent flexibility to meet the above application scenario requirements.TENG is mainly composed of dielectric materials and electrode materials,among which there are many flexible dielectric materials,and the research difficulties focus on flexible electrode materials.Currently,a variety of flexible electrode materials have been successfully developed.With the continuous development of the field of flexible electrode materials,flexible triboelectric nanogenerator have also made significant progress.Based on different flexible electrodes,this thesis has designed and constructed a variety of flexible triboelectric nanogenerator,and conducted a series of studies on the applications of these triboelectric nanogenerator in the field of self-powered sensor,including:(1)A spherical triboelectric nanogenerator(LE TENG)was prepared using PVA/LiCl as a liquid electrode.The effects of solution composition,solution volume,and other factors on the output performance of TENG were investigated.The maximum open circuit voltage was 160 V,the short circuit current was 1.1 μA,and the transfer charge was 63 n C.The operating principle was explained.Due to its large deformation and excellent sensing performance,the LE-TENG can be used as a decompression type pressure control switch,turning pressure into electricity to light LEDs,etc.,or controlling music players to play music.It can also be used as a wearable device to detect human motion,and through Arduino programming,LE-TENG can be used as a self-powered switch to control GPS operation,which can be used to ensure the safety of children,the elderly,and special groups when going out.(2)A series of ionic conductive hydrogels were successfully prepared with HEMA/NVP binary copolymer hydrogel as the matrix and LiCl as the conductive ion.Through testing the properties of the hydrogel,the optimal composition was selected,and the flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on HEMA/NVP binary copolymer hydrogel was obtained after PDMS packaging.The electrical output performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator was tested and characterized,and the operating principle of the flexible triboelectric nanogenerator was explained and explained based on the experimental results.And based on the HEMA/NVP binary copolymer hydrogel flexible f triboelectric nanogenerator,a dangerous goods transportation early warning system is designed.When the triboelectric nanogenerator fixed on the surface of the dangerous goods contacts and separates from other materials,the LED small bulb will be lit,giving an early warning to the driver.If the thermochromic film fades,it means that the internal temperature of the dangerous goods increases,and the dangerous goods have the risk of leakage or combustion explosion,ask the transportation personnel for emergency treatment to ensure life safety.The detection part of the dangerous goods transportation early warning system can be reused and does not require additional power supply.It is suitable for transportation without power supply environment,and can perform detection and early warning functions well.