Study On The Planning And Design Of Wetland Nature Reserve Based On The Construction Of Bird Habitat

Wetlands,as an important Earth resource,are one of the habitats that water birds rely on for survival.As an important role in the ecosystem,birds play a role in maintaining ecological balance.In recent years,due to natural and human factors,the area of wetlands has been sharply reduced,which has seriously compressed the living space of birds,resulting in the decline of bird populations and the destruction of ecosystem balance.In order to protect and restore wetlands and provide suitable habitats for birds better,it is important to carry out planning and design research on wetland nature reserves based on bird habitats.This thesis adopts literature research,case analysis,comprehensive induction,field research and other research methods,through the study of wetland and its natural reserves,birds and their habitats and other related concepts,with the help of bird ecology,restoration ecology,landscape ecology and other related basic theories,and drawing on the research process and characteristics of the planning and design of Zhalong Wetland,Xianghai Wetland,Panjin Wetland,three major wetland natural reserves,Based on the theory of bird ecology,two key research directions,namely,the influencing factors of bird habitat and the classification of bird activity space,were obtained.On this basis,the principles of restoration ecology and landscape ecology were used to study the planning and design methods of wetland nature reserves based on bird habitat construction.The field survey,data collection and technical analysis of Tianjin Dahuangpu Wetland Nature Reserve were carried out,and the planning and design method of wetland nature reserve based on bird habitat was finally included in the planning and design of Tianjin Dahuangpu Wetland Nature Reserve.It is found that according to the principle of bird ecology,the influencing factors of bird habitat are mainly divided into natural and man-made aspects,natural factors include climate,terrain,water,soil,vegetation,etc.,and human factors include planning and construction,production and life and other negative factors generated by the two.Bird activity space mainly varies according to ecological components,bird living habits and bird sensitivity.Combined with the landscape planning method,the planning and design principles of ecological priority,local conditions,scientific restoration,minimum disturbance,dynamic monitoring and landscape aesthetics are proposed.Combined with the latest content of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the optimization and adjustment of the scope and functional zoning of nature reserves,clarify the basic functional layout and zoning design requirements of wetland nature reserves.Combined with the principles of restoration ecology and landscape ecology,this thesis proposes the planning and design strategies of wetland nature reserves based on bird habitat construction in terms of terrain,waters,barges,islands,vegetation,roads,scientific research,services,etc.Taking Tianjin Da Huangpu Wetland Nature Reserve as an example,based on the above research,combined with the project background,location analysis,latest zoning regulations of the nature reserve,ecological environment suitability analysis,etc.,the overall layout was carried out,which was divided into core area and general control area,and the specific zoning design content was proposed.Through data collection,remote sensing image interpretation and geographic information system(GIS),the land use and natural environment are analyzed,and according to the overview of bird resources,special designs based on bird habitat construction are proposed according to local conditions,including terrain,waters,barges,islands,corridors,plants,roads,scientific research,services and other negative factor reduction designs.This study mainly provides methods and references for the planning and design of wetlands focusing on bird protection,in order to better protect and restore wetlands,protect bird diversity,maintain ecosystem balance,and achieve sustainable development.