Effect Of Support On Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Activity Of Supported Ruthenium Electrode

Hydrogen,as an efficient and clean energy source in the world today,has received much attention,but its use and development are limited by the huge costs and complex processes consumed in the production process.In order to prepare highly active and stable hydrogen evolution catalysts for more effective production of hydrogen during the hydrogen evolution process of electrolytic water,a series of studies on Ru based hydrogen evolution catalysts have been carried out in this paper.Ru based catalysts with high activity and stability have been prepared through high vacuum magnetron sputtering technology,displacement reaction method,and electrochemical deposition technology,and the applicability of lattice matching theory in hydrogen evolution catalysts has been preliminarily verified in the paper.（1）In order to find suitable metal carriers,high vacuum magnetron sputtering technology was used to prepare Ru@M（M=Sn,Zn,Ti,Cu,Fe,Co,Ni,W,Mo）catalysts.In acidic environments,Ru@Mo/Ti、Ru@W/Ti、Ru@Ni/Ti、Ru@Mo/NF、Ru@Ni/NF、Ru@W/NF exhibits a higher Ru@M The catalysts have good hydrogen evolution activity,and their current densities at 200 m V are 66.50、47.35、45.25、75.65、67.55 and 47.35 m A cm^-2,respectively;In alkaline environments,Ru@W/Ti、Ru@Ni/Ti、Ru@Mo/Ti、Ru@W/NF、Ru@Ni/NF、Ru@Mo/NF exhibits a higher Ru@M The catalysts have good hydrogen evolution activity,and their current densities at 200 m V are 36.35、34.30、15.21、46.54、40 and 32.33 m A cm^-2,respectively.More Than This,Ru@Mo/Ti、Ru@Ni/Ti、Ru@W/Ti、Ru@Mo/NF、Ru@Ni/NF、Ru@W/NF also has good stability.After 10 h constant potential stability testing in an acidic environment,their current densities decreased by 7.8%、7.6%、10.7%、8.07%、3.79%and 10.5%,respectively.In different test environments and on different substrates,Ni、W and Mo as metal carriers all exhibit good electrochemical performance.Therefore,Ni、W and Mo were selected as the subsequent alloy catalyst preparation（2）Ni W alloys with different crystal plane spacing were prepared by high vacuum magnetron sputtering technology,and then Ru was loaded onto the alloy surface by displacement reaction.Electrochemical and structural characterization showed that Ru_sub@Ni₆₉W₃₁It has the most excellent performance in all aspects,with a current density of 211.5 m A cm^-2 at 200 m V,an over potential of 43 m V required to reach 10 m A cm^-2,and exhibits a maximum electrochemical area of 36.6 cm²,and a minimum charge transfer impedance of 11.96??cm².Moreover,after 10 h constant potential stability testing,its current density only decreased by 7.63%.By comparing commercial Pt/C（40%wt Pt/C-NF（20μg））performing an activity comparison(242.15m Acm^-2),Ru_sub@Ni₆₉W₃₁ Showing similar hydrogen evolution activity.XPS shows that the electronic structure of Ru has changed,and the peak position of Ru3+has shifted negatively.This situation will weaken the free energy of Ru hydrogen adsorption,which is conducive to the desorption process in the hydrogen evolution reaction.Finally,the most important thing is that the crystal plane spacing of Ni₆₉W₃₁（111）（0.2069 nm）and Ru（101）（0.2071 nm）are very close,indicating that their crystal lattices match each other,greatly improving the hydrogen evolution activity of the catalyst.（3）In order to further enhance the hydrogen evolution activity of the catalyst and further explore the lattice matching theory,Ni Mo alloy was prepared by high vacuum magnetron sputtering technology,and then Ru was loaded onto the surface of Ni Mo alloy by electrochemical deposition technology.It was proved by electrochemical characterization technology that Ru _ED@Ni₈₅Mo₁₅ It has the most excellent performance in all aspects,with a current density of 520 m A cm^-2at 200 m V,an over potential of 44 m V required to reach 10 m A cm^-2,and a charge transfer impedance of6.393??cm²,which is the lowest in the entire paper.More Than This,Ru _ED@Ni₈₅Mo₁₅ To the extent that it is sufficient to employ US commercial Pt/C,it is necessary to compare with 40%wt Pt/C-NF（25μg）In activity comparison,Ru _ED@Ni₈₅Mo₁₅ The current density of 520 m A cm^-2 far exceeds the commercial Pt/C377.05 m A cm^-2.After 10 hours of constant potential stability testing,its current density only decreased by 9.45%.Through TEM characterization,it was calculated that the crystal plane spacing of Ni₈₅Mo₁₅（313）in the catalyst was 0.2066 nm,which was also very close to the crystal plane spacing of Ru（101）（0.2071 nm）,further verifying that the catalyst activity improvement was caused by the matching of Ni Mo alloy lattice and Ru lattice.