Preparation Of Super Hydrophilic-super Oil-phobic Sponges In Air And Application Of Oil-water Separation

The problem of Marine crude oil leakage,the discharge of industrial oily wastewater and the water in the oil tank pose a serious threat to the environment and life safety of human beings,so it is urgent to separate the oil-water mixture in these scenarios.The traditional separation method has many problems such as low separation efficiency.Inspired by natural organisms,people have prepared super-infiltrating materials,which can be used in different scenes to separate oil and water mixtures with excellent efficiency,to solve the problems faced by human production and life caused by oil and water mixtures.In this work,the super hydrophilic and super oleophobic sponges in the air were prepared by the soaking method and low-temperature vacuum evaporation deposition combined with the soaking method and were applied to different oil-bearing wastewater separation scenarios.The main contents and research results are as follows:（1）For the scenario of water in the tank,the super hydrophilic-air super oil phobic coating was prepared on the surface of the melamine sponge by soaking method.It was found that when the concentration of tea polyphenols was 4 mg/m L,the particle size of Si O₂was 50 nm,and the concentration of Si O₂ was 20 mg/m L,the contact angle of the coating in the air was 0°for water and 153°for oil,showing excellent super hydrophilic and superoleophobic properties in the air.SS-MS can absorb up to 48 times its weight in water.Using SS-MS to absorb the water in diesel（simulating water in the tank）,the absorption efficiency can be as high as 99.1%,and the separation efficiency remains above 98%after multiple cycles,with excellent durability and absorption performance.At the same time,SS-MS has excellent mechanical properties and good chemical stability.In conventional oil-water separation scenarios,SS-MS sponge also has a good performance,with a diesel separation efficiency of up to 99%.（2）For the separation of the oil and water mixture of crude oil,the sponge was modified by low-temperature vacuum evaporation deposition method,and combined with subsequent modification,the super hydrophilic and superoleophobic MS-KCSi F sponge was prepared.It was found that the addition amount of KH580,deposition time,and deposition conditions all affected the crude oil contact angle of sponges.After the MS-KCSi F sponge was immersed in crude oil,it was found that there was almost no crude oil adhesion on the surface of the MS-KCSi F sponge,which proved that it had excellent anti-crude oil pollution performance.The oil separation efficiency of the MS-KCSi F sponge was as high as 99%,and the oil separation efficiency remained above 97%after 20 cycle separation experiments.At the same time,the emulsified oil of crude oil is also separated,and the observation shows that the oil droplets of crude oil are effectively removed.In addition,the MS-KCSi F sponge has excellent chemical and mechanical stability.