Simulation Study On Personal Evacuation Of Large Cruise Based On Social Force Model

Due to its remote navigation environment from land,it is difficult for cruise ships to receive timely external assistance in the event of a maritime accident.Even with external assistance,adverse weather,cabin fires,hull damage,and tilting can increase the difficulty of rescue.In addition,the internal structure of the cruise ship is complex,with numerous cabins and narrow evacuation channels,and there are many factors that affect evacuation efficiency,making the emergency evacuation process of personnel more complex.Therefore,studying the safe and rapid evacuation of large cruise ship personnel has significant practical significance for ensuring the safety of personnel on board and reducing property losses.On the basis of analyzing the current safety situation of maritime passenger transportation,the characteristics of cruise ship personnel evacuation,and the International Maritime Organization guidelines,this article conducts research on personnel evacuation models,personnel evacuation behavior characteristics,and analyzes the social force model applicable to large-scale cruise ships.Taking the first independently operated luxury cruise ship in China,the "Gulangyu" cruise ship,as the research object,evacuation clearance time,95% evacuation time,average evacuation time,evacuation flow rate and other indicators were selected to evaluate the evacuation efficiency of large cruise ships.The analysis and validation were conducted using Any Logic simulation software.Based on the three-dimensional space of ships,considering the impact of stairs on personnel evacuation,an improved social force model is proposed to analyze the impact of different passenger turn back ratios and response times on the evacuation process and crowded areas of cruise ships.Based on the above research results and combined with VR technology,a three-dimensional visualization deduction system for large-scale cruise ship personnel evacuation has been established.The research results indicate that:(1)As the proportion of passengers turning back increases,the emergency evacuation process of cruise ships is severely slowed down.(2)When there is no turning back behavior,the evacuation and clearance time for passengers is the shortest;When the turn back ratio is 20% or less,the cruise model will not experience congestion;When the turn back ratio is 30% or above,the proportion of the duration of congestion in the crowded area of the cruise model to the evacuation and clearance time increases with the increase of the turn back ratio.(3)When the turn back ratio is 20% or less,the response time will slow down the evacuation process of the cruise ship in this article;When the return ratio is 30% or above,the response time will accelerate the evacuation process of the cruise ship in this article.(4)The improved social force model conforms to the speed range of pedestrians ascending and descending stairs provided by the latest "Revised Guidelines for Evacuation Analysis of New and Existing Passenger Ships" issued by the International Maritime Organization(IMO),and can simulate the phenomenon of pedestrian channelization during travel;Verify the correctness of the improved model by comparing it with Any Logic simulation software.(5)The 3D visualization simulation system for evacuation of large cruise ship personnel was compared and verified with Any Logic simulation software,and the results were good.The research work in this article is in line with the actual situation of personnel evacuation on large cruise ships,which is helpful for improving the efficiency of emergency personnel evacuation on cruise ships,and will have a certain reference value for the formulation and optimization of evacuation plans for cruise ships.