Quality Analysis And In Vitro Activity Of Rose Polyphenols

Rose(Rosa rugosa Thunb.),a kind of rose plant in Rosaceae,it is ornamental,medicinal and edible.Ancient Chinese medicine often used roses to relieve depression,disperse blood stasis,reduce swelling and pain,and maintain beauty and keep young;Modern research shows that it has many pharmacological activities,such as anti-oxidation,anti-aging,bacteriostasis,etc.Among the classical prescriptions of Uygur medicine,Xinjiang rose is the main medicine for preventing and treating diabetes.In this paper,the structure of the main components in rose was separated and identified.Based on the Pharmacopoeia of China,a more specific and perfect method for the quality analysis of rose polyphenols was established.On the basis of this,the biological activities of different phenolic components in Xinjiang rose were analyzed,which provided reference for the research and development of different components of rose in functional food.Rose(400 g)was soaked and extracted with methanol,and concentrated to obtain total extract RM,which was extracted with ethyl acetate,and the ethyl acetate extract RM2 was obtained after the extraction liquid was concentrated.The remaining water layer RM1 was dissolved with water,and then purified by AB-8 macroporous resin column to obtain total polyphenols of rose.Total polyphenols were separated and purified by C18 reversed-phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography,we got three compound and they were separately identified as quercetin-3-O-β-D-sophoroside(RA),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-sophoroside(RB)and kaempferol-3-O-(6"-galloyl)-β-D-glucoside(RD)by UV,MS and NMR.Two compounds in total polyphenols were identified as ellagic acid(RC)and cyanidin-3-O-β-D-glucose(RE)by HPLC analysis.The total flavonoids and anthocyanins in rose were determined by HPLC;The total polyphenols in roses was determined by UV;The contents of total flavonoids,anthocyanins and total polyphenols were 12.82,2.266 and 97.93 mg·g-1,respectively.The above analysis method is rapid and accurate,which can provide reference for the quality control of rose polyphenols.The antioxidant,anti-aging and hypoglycemic activities of each group of roses were tested.The metabolism experiment of different components in vitro was carried out by simulating the intestinal environment of rats.Study on the effect of rose extract on the growth of intestinal bacteria in rats by dilution coating plate method;16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to study the effects of different components of rose on the abundance of different intestinal flora in rats.The results showed that different components of rose had different antioxidant,hypoglycemic and anti-aging activities.Among the antioxidant and anti-aging activities,the activities of tannins(RM2 and RC)were higher than those of flavonoids(RM1,RA/RB and RE),and the RM activity of total extracts was in the middle.In the hypoglycemic activity,the activities of flavonoids(RM1,RA/RB and RE)were higher than those of tannins(RM2 and RC),and the RM activity of total extracts was in the middle.In vitro metabolism experiment,RA/RB in rose was metabolized into aglycone and RM2 was metabolized into gallic acid under the action of rat intestinal bacteria.Dilution coated plate method showed that RM could obviously inhibit the growth of Escherichia,Clostridium,etc.,and showed inhibitory effect on the growth of total intestinal bacteria in rats,with certain antibacterial activity and concentration dependence.16S rDNA sequencing experiment showed that each component of rose can regulate the abundance of different flora in rats.RM2 and RC can improve the diversity of intestinal flora in rats,inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and promote the growth of Akkermansia,while RA/RB can reduce the F/B value,which may have certain effect on weight loss.Rose tannins and flavonoids are expected to be used in the research and development of anti-aging and hypoglycemic drugs or health products respectively.