| Objectives:In this research,we use the caregiver adaptation model as a theoretical framework to understand the current status of caring experience of the parents for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes(T1DM),explore the related factors of parental caring experience from three aspects of children’s characteristics,parents’ characteristics,internal and external resources,In turn,provide a theoretical basis for medical staff to targeted intervention measures and reduce the care burden of parents.Methods:This study taking 251 parents for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes from hospitalized in the pediatric endocrinology ward who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of three first-class hospitals.This study adopts the self-designed questionnaire、Positive Aspects of Caregiver(PAC)、Caregivers Burden Inventory(CBI)、Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)、Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)、Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ),Big Five Personality Questionnaire(B5PQ)to investigate the parents’experience of care and related factors of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.SPSS24.0 software was used to analyze the data,the statistical methods included statistical description,t test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson correlation analysis,and stratified regression analysis.Results:1.General dataAmong the 240 parents of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in this survey,mothers were the main ones,accounting for 77.1%,the average age was(37.04±6.02)years old.The average age of the children was(8.88±4.38)years old,mainly from 6 to 14 years old(school age).The average glycosylated hemoglobin was(9.62±2.26),16.7%of the children reached the standard(<7.5%),and the average duration of illness was(2.62±3.02)years.2.Current status of parental caring experience of children and adolescents with T1DMThe total score of parents’ positive aspects in this study was(32.67±7.78)points,and the top three items with the highest scores were making me feel more useful(3.90±1.18),making me feel needed(3.7 8±1.16)and made me feel strong and confident(3.75±1.12),the total score of care burden was(45.04±19.67)points,71.7%of the parents were at the level of moderate and severe burden,and the three dimensions with the highest scores were time-dependent burden(2.59±1.09),physiological burden(2.26±1.02),and developmentally limited burden(2.20±1.06).3.Univariate analysis of parental caring experience of children and adolescents with T1DMThe positive aspects and care burden of parents were measured in the characteristics of children(sex,age,whether they were only children,time of illness,whether hypoglycemia occurred,whether they were first admitted to hospital,etc.),characteristics of parents(relationship with children,marital status,work status,Education level,economic status,place of residence,health status,etc.)were statistically significant(P<0.05);Among resource factors,positive aspects were positively correlated with social support,psychological resilience,re-evaluation dimension of emotion regulation,expression inhibition dimension,and openness dimension in personality(r=0.159,0.335,0.178,0.168,0.308,all P<0.05).);care burden was negatively correlated with social support,psychological resilience,reappraisal dimension and expression inhibition dimension in emotion regulation,extraversion dimension and agreeableness dimension in personality(r=-0.458,-0.392,-0.327,-0.131,-0.296,-0.252,all P<0.05),which were positively correlated with the neurotic dimension in personality(r=0.222,P<0.01).4.Multi variate analysis of parental caring experience of children and adolescents with T1DMStratified regression analysis results showed that child characteristics,parent characteristics,and internal and external resources explained 8.1%,8.5%,and 14.1%of positive aspects,respectively,the total explanation amount was 30.7%,and the explanation amount for care burden was 16.7%,4.1%,22.8%,and the total explained amount is 43.6%.The occurrence of hypoglycemia,parental health status,knowledge understanding,social support,psychological resilience,re-evaluation,extraversion,and openness significantly predicted positive feelings(β=-0.151,0.142,-0.169,0.234,0.247,0.211,-0.185,0.205,all P<0.05);children’s gender,age,sick time,medical payment method,parents’ economic status,health status,social support,agreeableness,and conscientiousness significantly predicted care burden(β=0.106,-0.205,0.233,0.178,-0.112,-0.112,-0.320,-0.150,0.297,all P<0.05).Conclusions:1.The care burden and positive aspects of parents of children with T1DM exist in the process of care at the same time,and both are at a moderate level,and the positive aspects are negatively correlated with the care burden.2.parents with good health,social support,psychological elasticity,re evaluation and openness of personality traits have a higher level of positive aspects,while parents with daily hypoglycemia and children who do not understand T1DM knowledge and extroversion of personality traits have a lower level of positive aspects.3.parents with male children,short illness time,medical payment at their own expense and conscientious personality traits have a heavier burden of care,while parents with older children,good health,social support and pleasant personality traits have a lighter burden of care. |
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