The Relationship Between Childhood Emotional Abuse And Suicide Risk And Its Influencing Mechanism

Objective:Based on Interpersonal Theory,this study attempted to analyze the influence of childhood emotional abuse on suicide risk.First,this study investigated the status quo of childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk among middle school students and college students,clarified the relationship between emotional abuse and suicide risk,and the role of gender in moderating the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk.Next,this study explored the internal mechanism of childhood emotional abuse influence on suicide risk.That is,explored the mediating role of psychache between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk.Finally,a longitudinal research design was adopted to explore the mediating role of psychache between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk,as well as the moderating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy on the hypothesized mediating model.Methods:Study 1: A total of 2086 middle school students and 767 college students were investigated by adopting Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form(CTQ)and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised(SBQ-R).Study 2: A total of 880 middle school students were surveyed using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form(CTQ),Psychache Scale and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised(SBQ-R).Study 3: A total of 1206 middle school students were selected to participate in the6-month longitudinal study,and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form(CTQ),Psychache Scale,Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy(RES)and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised(SBQ-R)were used.Results:Study 1:(1)The detection rate of childhood emotional abuse of middle school students is significantly lower than that of college students,and the detection rate of suicide risk of middle school students is significantly higher than that of college students.(2)In middle school students and college students,the scores of childhood emotional abuse in male students were significantly higher than that of female students,and the scores of suicide risk in female students were significantly higher than that of male students.(3)In middle school students and college students,childhood emotional abuse significantly positively predicated suicide risk(β=0.42,p<0.01;β=0.42,p<0.01).(4)Gender moderated the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk among middle school students.Study 2:(1)Childhood emotional abuse was significantly positively correlated with psychache(r=0.57,p<0.01)and suicide risk(r=0.46,p<0.01).Suicide risk was significantly positively correlated with psychache(r=0.66,p<0.01).(2)Childhood emotional abuse significantly positively predicated suicide risk(β=0.43,p<0.01).(3)Psychache had a partial mediating effect between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk.The mediating effect was 0.32,accounting for 74.42% of the total effect.Study 3:(1)The cross-lag analysis showed that,T1 childhood emotional abuse significantly positively predicated T2 psychache(β=0.63,p<0.01)and T2 suicide risk(β=0.22,p<0.01),T1 psychache significantly positively predicated T2 suicide risk(β=0.50,p<0.01),T1 suicide risk significantly positively predicated T2 psychache(β=0.14,p<0.01).(2)After controlling T1 suicide risk,T1 childhood emotional abuse significantly positively predicated T2 suicide risk(β=0.18,p<0.01).(3)After controlling T1 suicide risk,T1 psychache had a partial mediating effect between T1 childhood emotional abuse and T2 suicide risk.The mediating effect was0.04,accounting for 22.22% of the total effect.(4)After controlling T1 psychache and T1 suicide risk,T2 psychache had a partial mediating effect between T1 childhood emotional abuse and T2 suicide risk.The mediating effect was 0.08,accounting for 57.14% of the total effect.(5)RES moderated the relationship between T1 childhood emotional abuse and T1 psychache.(6)RES moderated the relationship between T1 childhood emotional abuse and T2 psychache.Conclusion:(1)The detection rate of childhood emotional abuse of middle school students is significantly lower than that of college students,and the detection rate of suicide risk of middle school students is significantly higher than that of college students.(2)In middle school students and college students,childhood emotional abuse significantly positively predicate suicide risk.Gender can moderate the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk among middle school students.Specifically,the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk tend to be stronger in females than in males.(3)Psychache plays a mediating role between childhood emotional abuse and suicide risk.That is,childhood emotional abuse affectes suicide risk through psychache.(4)To some extent,RES can buffer the negative impact of childhood emotional abuse on psychache.