Research On The Efficacy Evaluation Of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Intervention For College Students’ Myopia Based On OCTA Technology

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to use optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)to investigate,analyze and clarify the fundus and choroidal microcirculation of college students.At the same time,through transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)clinical intervention for college students with myopia to observe the changes of the subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT),superficial vascular complex(SVC),deep vascular Complex(DVC),choriocapillaris(CC),deep choroidal(DC)blood flow density,the foveal avascular zone(FAZ),far visual acuity and SER.To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Eye-TEAS intervention in college students with myopia.Methods: The first part: Through the method of cluster sampling,college students at Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the survey objects,and basic ophthalmological examinations such as computer optometry,intraocular pressure,axial length,and vision were carried out on the survey subjects.Later,optical coherence tomography angiography was used to measure the blood flow density of vessels in SVC,DVC,CC and DC,SFCT,FAZ.After measurement,the correlation between blood flow density of SVC,DVC,CC and DC,SFCT,FAZ and age,ocular axis,intraocular pressure,and SER was analyzed.Statistics were analyzed using SPSS 26.0.The second part: 70 students with myopia from Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese Medicine were included.The Eye-TEAS instrument was used for 3-month intervention,and acupoints around the eyes(Cuanzhu,Jingming,Sibai,Yuyao,Taiyang,Sizhukong)were selected,and continuous waves were used with a frequency of 4 Hz,and the intensity was based on the patient’s maximum tolerance.The treatment is once a day,and the treatment time is 30 minutes each time.The changes of blood flow density in SVC,DVC,CC and DC,SFCT,FAZ,far visual acuity,SER were compared 30 minutes after treatment,1 months after treatment and 3months after treatment,and the clinical efficacy of Eye-TEAS in intervening myopia in college students was evaluated.Data statistics were analyzed using SPSS 26.0.Results:The first part: A total of 301 college students were included,the age distribution was 20(19,21)years old,the SER distribution was-3.75(-5.00,-1.50)D,the axial length distribution was 25.19(24.58,25.93)mm,and the SFCT distribution was 256(197,306)μm.The results of correlation analysis showed that SFCT was significantly positively correlated with SER(r=0.401,P < 0.001),and significantly negatively correlated with axial length(r=-0.527,P < 0.001).There was no significant correlation between SFCT and age and intraocular pressure.The blood flow density of the blood vessels in the SVC layer had no significant correlation with SER(P=0.097),but was negatively correlated with axial length(r=-0.120,P=0.037),and the blood flow density of the blood vessels in the DVC layer had no significant correlation with SER(P=0.174),which was significantly negatively correlated with axial length(r=-0.166,P=0.004).The blood flow density of SVC and DVC layers had no significant correlation with age and intraocular pressure.The blood flow density of the blood vessels in the CC layer was positively correlated with SER(r=0.132,P=0.022),and negatively correlated with axial length(r=-0.136,P=0.018).The blood flow density of the blood vessels in the DC layer was significantly positively correlated with the SER(r=0.211,P<0.001),and was significantly negatively correlated with the axial length(r=-0.206,P<0.001).The blood flow density of CC and DC layer vessels has no significant correlation with age and intraocular pressure.There was no significant correlation between FAZ and SER,axial length,age,and intraocular pressure.The second part: The study finally included 68 college students with myopia.After Eye-TEAS intervention,the SVC,DVC,CC,DC blood flow density and SFCT values were all increased compared with those before treatment,and the uncorrected distance vision and SER were improved.The longer the time,the better the treatment effect,the effect is most obvious at 3 months of treatment.There were significant differences in SFCT at 30 minutes,1 month,3 months and before treatment(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in FAZ at different time points of treatment(P>0.05).The blood flow densities of SVC and DVC layers were significantly different after 3 months of treatment and before treatment(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences between 30 minutes and 1 month of treatment and before treatment(P>0.05).The blood flow density of the blood vessels in the CC layer was significantly different at 1 month,3 months after treatment and before treatment(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between 30 min after treatment and before treatment(P>0.05).There were significant differences in blood flow density of DC layer vessels at 30 min,1 month,3 months after treatment and before treatment(P<0.05),pairwise comparisons at different time points showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The uncorrected distance visual acuity and SER were significantly different at 1month,3 months after treatment and before treatment(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant at 1 month and 3 months after treatment(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference with that before treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion: In the occurrence and development of myopia in college students,the SER was positively correlated with the blood flow density of the SFCT,CC,and DC layers,while the axial length was negatively correlated with the blood flow density of the SFCT,SVC,DVC,CC,DC layers and SFCT.The immediate intervention effect of TEAS on choroidal thickness and deep choroidal blood flow is obvious.After 3 months of Eye-TEAS intervention,the choroidal thickness and choroidal and retinal blood flow density all increased,far visual acuity and SER improved,and with the increase of treatment time,the better the treatment effect.Therefore,it is believed that Eye-TEAS can delay the progression of myopia by improving the blood flow of the choroid and retina through acupoint stimulation.