Study On The Ocular Surface Characteristics Of Patients With Dry Eye At Different Ages

Objective: To observe the ocular surface condition of dry eye patients at different ages,and analyze the ocular surface characteristics of dry eye patients at different ages,in order to guide clinical treatment.Methods:According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,274 eyes(137 patients)of patients with primary dry eyes diagnosed in the ophthalmology clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University from November 2020 to November 2021 were selected as the research object,including 208 eyes of women(104 patients)and 66 eyes of men(33patients),aged 17-78 years.The subjects were divided into five groups according to their age,namely: < 30 years old group,30-39 years old group,40-49 years old group,50-59 years old group and ≥ 60 years old group.After enrollment,the subjects were examined by slit lamp microscope and ocular surface comprehensive analyzer in the ophthalmic clinic.The inspection items of ocular surface comprehensive analyzer include measurement of tear meniscus height(TMH),first non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTf),average non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTav),eye red analysis and meibomian gland loss score,Tear film break-up time(BUT)examination and Schirmer I test(SIT)without surface anesthesia were performed immediately.After that,the examination results were recorded in detail.Collect and analyze the data,observe the ocular surface of dry eye patients at different ages,and analyze the ocular surface characteristics of dry eye patients at different ages.Results:1.Comparing the observation indexes of different age groups,it was found that there was no significant difference in TMH and SIT among different age groups(P >0.05);There were significant differences in NIBUTf,NIBUTav,eye red analysis,meibomian gland loss score and BUT among the age groups(P < 0.05).2.There was significant difference in the abnormal rate of various observation indexes in different age groups(P < 0.05).The abnormal rate of SIT was the highest(77.10%)in the < 30-year-old group.In the 30-39 years old group,the abnormal rate of meibomian gland loss score was the highest(89.10%),and the abnormal rates of TMH and SIT were the same,ranking the second.In the 40-49 years old group,50-59 years old group and ≥ 60 years old group,the abnormal rate of meibomian gland loss score was the highest(all 100%),and the abnormal rates of other indexes were closed,all exceeding 50%.3.The distribution of meibomian gland deficiency scores in different age groups were statistically significant(P < 0.05).In the < 30-year-old group,the proportion of meibomian gland loss score of 1 was the highest(47.90%);In the 30-39 years old group,the proportion of meibomian gland loss score of 1 was the highest(43.80%);In the 40-49 years old group,the proportion of meibomian gland loss score of 2 was the highest(50.00%);In the 50-59 years old group,the proportion of meibomian gland loss score of3 was the highest(40.60%);In the group ≥ 60 years old,the proportion of meibomian gland loss score of 3 was the highest(37.50%).4.The correlation analysis of each observation index found that meibomian gland loss score was positively correlated with age(r=0.508,P=0.000),and NIBUTf,NIBUTav and BUT were negatively correlated with age(r=-0.257,P=0.000,r=-0.286,P=0.000,r=-0.338,P=0.000),BUT was positively correlated with NIBUTf and NIBUTav(r=0.774,P=0.000,r=0.752,P=0.000),TMH was positively correlated with SIT(r = 0.305,P =0.000).Conclusion:1.In the group aged <30 and 30-39-year-old group,dry eye patients were mainly lack of tears.In 40-49 years old group,50-59 years old group and ≥ 60 years old group,dry eye patients mainly suffered from tear film break-up time decreased and meibomian gland area loss.Most patients with dry eyes over than or equal to 40 years old are mixed,and comprehensive treatment should be given priority to.2.Meibomian gland loss area and age are the risk factors for dry eye.Meibomian gland loss aera increases with age.The older the age,the more obvious the meibomian gland loss will be.3.Compared with the traditional examination method for diagnosing dry eye,the eye surface comprehensive analyzer can analyze each layer of tear film more accurately,and has great clinical application value for the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye.