| Objective:Through discussing the disease spectrum of the inpatients in the department of otorhinolaryngology of the Affiliated Hospital of Yan‘an university from2016 to 2020,to understand the constitution and changing trend of the diseases of otorhinolaryngology,and to compare and analyze the distribution characteristics of the diseases of the inpatients,the development of otorhinolaryngology in this hospital is predicted,which provides a new idea for the management of otorhinolaryngology and the direction of disease prevention,diagnosis and treatment.Methods:The clinical data of the inpatients in the department of Otorhinolaryngology from January 1,2016 to December 31,2020 in the affiliated hospital of Yan‘an university were retrospectively analyzed.According to ICD-10 International Classification of Diseases[1],and according to the characteristics of diseases,some diagnostic names were classified and counted,and the composition of the first 15diseases was calculated and the changing trend was observed.Results:1.From 2016 to 2020,a total of 15,684 patients were admitted to the department of Otorhinolaryngology.The number of inpatients in the first four years increased year by year,and in 2019,the number of discharged cases was the largest,with3,553 cases.The number of patients hospitalized in the fifth year was the lowest in five years due to the new crown epidemic.2.The male to female ratio is 1.13:1.With the change of years,the ratio of male to female gradually decreases,the ratio of male to female patients is 1:1.00 in 2020.The mean age of the patients in 5 years was 38.32±20.51 years,the mean age of the patients in 2020（41.42±19.80 years）increased by about 4 years compared with the mean age of the patients in 2016（37.02±20.33 years）.3.Of the 15,684 discharged medical records,the top 15 diseases were secretory otitis media,nasal bone fracture,sudden deafness,otogenic vertigo,deviated septum deafness,chronic tonsillitis,epistaxis,tinnitus,sinusitis,esophageal foreign body,chronic suppurative otitis media,polyp of vocal cord,epiglottic cyst and acute otitis.4.The age span of inpatients was larger,mainly 15-44 years old,accounting for38.13%of the total,followed by 45-59 years old,accounting for 27.79%.Only 45-59years old female patients were more than male patients,there were more male patients than female patients in other age groups.5.In Shaanxi Province,15,374 people,accounting for 98.02%of the total number of inpatients,and 14,131 patients,accounting for 90.10%of the total number of inpatients in Yan’an city,the patients in Yan’an city mainly come from Baota District,Ansai District and Zichang City,accounting for 60.05%of the total number of patients in Yan’an,and39.95%of the total number of patients in Yan’an in other regions of Yan’an.6.The seasonal distribution of discharged patients was more in summer and winter than in spring and autumn,the number of discharged patients in summer was the most,accounting for 27.22%,the lowest in spring,accounting for 22.97%,the most discharged cases were in July（9.62%）,and the least in February（6.43%）.7.The number and proportion of deviated septum,epistaxis,and chronic tonsillitis are all on a downward trend,and their ranking is also declining year by year.In 2016,compared with 2020,the deviated septum will be ranked from the first to the sixth,nasal bleeding dropped from fourth to 12th,chronic tonsillitis from sixth to ninth,tinnitus,sudden deafness and foreign body in esophagus continued to increase,tinnitus and esophageal foreign body moved up from 10 to 10 respectively,and sudden deafness rose from 7th（2016）to 1st（2020）.8.The average length of hospital stay was 12.22 days in the past five years,and the average length of hospital stay in the past years showed a decreasing trend.Conclusion:1.Excluding the influence of epidemic situation,the number of patients showed an upward trend in five years,the number of male patients was more than that of female patients,the number of patients aged 15-44 years was the most,the number of discharged cases was the most in summer;2.Among the top 15 diseases,ear diseases were the most common,while nose and throat diseases were the least common.3.The average length of hospital stay has been decreasing over the years.In terms of regional distribution,Baota District is the largest. |
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