Research On The Current Situation Of Subjective Well-being Of Undergraduate Nursing Students And Group Intervention Of Laughter Therapy

Objective:The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of subjective well-being of nursing undergraduates(hereinafter referred to as nursing students),and to explore the mediating effects of nursing students’coping styles(positive coping style,negative coping style)and mindfulness traits on subjective well-being.The Laughter Therapy Group Intervention course builds nursing students’perceptions of their own happiness and satisfaction in life,enhances the individual’s coping mechanism for the balance and coordination of positive and negative emotions,cultivates a mindful attitude,experiences positive emotions,and improves subjective well-being feel.Methods:This study was conducted in two parts:study 1:status quo survey:based on the online teaching platform of Psychiatric Nursing,308 all junior undergraduate nursing students in a university in Shanxi were selected for an online questionnaire survey using the convenience whole group sampling method.The Self-designed General Information Questionnaire,the Subjective Well-being Scale,the Simple Coping Style Scale,and the Five-Factor Positive Thinking Scale were used to understand the current situation of nursing students’coping style,positive thinking traits and subjective well-being,to explore the relationship between the three,and to analyze and test the mediating effect of positive thinking traits between coping style and subjective well-being.Study 2:Intervention research,according to the relevant theories and the results of Study 1,a"laughter therapy"technique that integrates simulated laughter,breathing exercise,and relaxation meditation suitable for young people’s learning is selected,with the corresponding content of the cognitive system and the strengthening of the meditation session,cultivate a mindful attitude,and compile a"Laughter Therapy Group Intervention Course"suitable for nursing students.A total of 308 junior nursing students in ten classes were divided into two equal groups by random coin tossing method.The experimental group was taught a practical course of 30 minutes a day for 24 days.Therapy,initial experience of laughter exercise;second,smile to welcome others,resolve conflicts;third,touch others with laughter,micro-current sleep aids;fourth,enjoy soup and rice,stay away from stomach pain;fifth,laugh and move your fingers,activate the brain;Sixth,laughter is good for loneliness,and silence is golden;seventh,laughing and practicing rinsing,nourishing qi and strengthening the body...The control group has a blank design and just completed the teaching course of psychiatric nursing.Questionnaire surveys were conducted in both groups before and after the group intervention.Results:1.Survey study(1)The mean scores of each scale dimension of undergraduate nursing students were:coping style(1.07±0.28),positive coping style(1.94±0.56),negative coping style(1.12±0.50);positive thinking(3.11±0.24),observation(2.86±0.62),description(3.22±0.54),sentient movement(3.54±0.63),non-judgmental(3.11±0.51),non-responsive(2.76±0.46);subjective well-being(4.71±0.70),life satisfaction(5.81±1.42),positive affect(6.04±1.42),negative affect(3.01±1.22).(2)Positive thoughts partially mediated between coping style(positive coping style,negative coping style)and subjective well-being,and the model of partial mediation effect of positive thoughts was established with the fit indices:x~2/df=2.356,GFI=0.984,NFI=0.961,IFI=0.977,AGFI=0.944,CFI=0.977,and RMSEA=0.070.2.Intervention study(1)Comparison of pre-intervention baseline levels:there were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test scores of coping style,positive thoughts,and subjective well-being(P>0.05).(2)Comparison of differences between groups after intervention:in subjective well-being,the scores of subjective well-being,life satisfaction,and positive affect in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the scores of negative affect were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.001);in coping style,there were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in coping style scores(P>0.05);the scores of positive coping style in the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.001),and the negative coping style score was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.001).On positive thinking,the scores of total positive thinking,description,and conscious movement were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.001),and the differences between the experimental and control groups on the rest of the dimensions were not significant(P>0.05).(3)Comparison of intra-group differences before and after the intervention:in subjective well-being,there was no statistically significant difference between the pre and post test scores of the total subjective well-being of the experimental group(P>0.05),and the scores of life satisfaction and positive emotion before the intervention were significantly lower than those after the intervention(P<0.001);the scores of negative emotion were significantly higher than those after the intervention(P<0.001);in coping style,the difference between the pre and post test scores of the total coping style of the experimental group was not statistically significant(P>0.05).In terms of positive thoughts,the scores of total scores of positive thoughts,description,perceptual movement,and non-judgment were significantly lower in the experimental group before the intervention than after the intervention(P<0.01),except for the rest of the positive thoughts in the The differences between the pre and post scores in the experimental group were not statistically significant(P>0.05).In the control group,there was no statistically significant difference between the pre and post scores of each dimension(P>0.05).(4)The subjective feedback of the experimental group described that the laughter therapy group activities could not only help participants experience more positive emotions,dissipate negative emotions and cope with stress in a more positive way,but also improve participants’physical health,interpersonal communication and life satisfaction,and the meditation session could cultivate participants’positive attitudes and improve their internal positive thoughts,which could enhance nursing students’subjective well-being in multiple ways.Conclusion:1.The subjective well-being and mindfulness of undergraduate nursing students are at a medium level,and the overall coping tendency is relatively positive,and there is a good foundation and space for improvement.Mindfulness played a partial mediating role in the relationship between coping style and subjective well-being.2.A 24-day laughter therapy group intervention can promote positive affective experiences,enhance individual cognitive levels,cultivate positive thinking skills,strengthen coping mechanisms,improve the ability to cope positively with difficulties,and enhance their subjective well-being.