Relationship Between Caries And Caries Activity And Premature Birth And Low Birth Weight In 1738 Pregnant Women

ObjectiveIn this study,the caries status,oral health management and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women in Jinan were investigated.The acid production capacity of bacteria in the oral cavity of pregnant women was detected by Cariostat caries activity test,and the relationship between caries and caries activity status and premature birth and low birth weight was evaluated,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of caries and premature birth and low birth weight in pregnant women.Methods1.Questionnaire survey:Pregnant women who met the standards were selected to fill in the oral health management questionnaire.2.Caries status check:check the health status of pregnant women with oral caries and fill in the oral health check sheet,calculate the caries loss index(DMFT)3.Periodontal status examination:The periodontal status of pregnant women was examined to exclude pregnant women with periodontitis as subjects of study.4.Caries activity detection:Cariostat caries activity detection was used to detect the caries activity of pregnant women.The caries activity detection value was 0-0.5 for low caries risk,1.0-1.5 for moderate caries risk,and 2.0-3.0 for high caries risk.5.Record the birth status of newborns:By referring to the obstetric case data of Shandong Maternal and Child Health Hospital,record the gestational age and weight of newborns delivered by pregnant women participating in the clinical study.6.Statistical analysis:SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used for data sorting and analysis.Enumeration data were expressed as frequency(percentage),and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results1.General status of caries:A total of 1738 pregnant women were investigated in Jinan City.The total caries rate was 47.07%,and the average caries rate was 1.10.2.Analysis of influencing factors of caries:The Chi-square test showed that the higher the age and the lower the monthly income of pregnant women,the higher the caries rate;The incidence of caries in pregnant women who did not undergo oral examination before pregnancy was higher than that in pregnant women who underwent oral examination before pregnancy.The incidence of caries in pregnant women who did not actively learn the knowledge about oral health during pregnancy was higher than that in pregnant women who actively learned the knowledge about oral health during pregnancy.The caries rate of pregnant women who liked eating cakes,drinks and other foods with high sugar content was higher than that of pregnant women who disliked and generally liked.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the older the age,the lower the monthly income,no oral examination before pregnancy,no initiative to learn the knowledge of oral health during pregnancy,and the preference for cakes,drinks and other foods with high sugar content during pregnancy were the main independent risk factors for caries in pregnant women.3.Caries activity was positively correlated with caries(r=0.950,P=0.001),that is,the higher the caries activity was,the more serious the caries were in pregnant women.The higher the caries activity was,the higher the preterm birth rate was,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of low birth weight among the groups with different risk values of caries activity test results(P>0.05).4.Analysis of influencing factors of premature birth:Chi-square test showed that the incidence of premature birth in pregnant women with caries was higher than that in pregnant women without caries.The lower the educational background and monthly income of pregnant women,the higher the incidence of premature birth;The preterm birth rate of pregnant women who did not actively learn the knowledge about oral health during pregnancy was higher than that of pregnant women who actively learned the knowledge about oral health during pregnancy.The preterm birth rate of pregnant women who like eating cakes,drinks and other foods with high sugar content during pregnancy is higher than that of pregnant women who do not like or like.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that caries,lower educational background and preference for cakes,drinks and other foods with high sugar content during pregnancy were the main independent risk factors for premature delivery.Analysis of influencing factors of low birth weight:The Chi-square test showed that the younger the pregnant women were,the lower the educational background,the higher the incidence of low birth weight.The incidence of low birth weight was higher in pregnant women who did not actively learn the knowledge about oral health during pregnancy than in those who actively learned the knowledge about oral health during pregnancy.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that younger age,lower educational background and no active learning of oral health related knowledge during pregnancy were the main independent risk factors for low birth weight.Conclusions1.The higher the caries activity,the higher the caries severity and the higher the preterm birth rate.Therefore,in clinical application,caries activity detection can be performed on pregnant women,graded management can be conducted according to the detection results,high-risk groups can be screened,targeted preventive and health measures can be implemented,and personalized oral health care programs can be formulated to protect the oral health of pregnant women during pregnancy and avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes.2.The older the age,the lower the monthly income,the less oral examination before pregnancy,the less initiative to learn the knowledge of oral health during pregnancy,and the preference to eat cakes,drinks and other foods with high sugar content during pregnancy were the main independent risk factors for caries.We can reduce the incidence of caries in pregnant women by preventing risk factors.3.Caries,low education and preference for cakes,drinks and other foods with high sugar content during pregnancy are the main independent risk factors for preterm delivery.It can be seen that the oral health status of pregnant women has a certain impact on the outcome of pregnancy,so we should pay attention to the oral health of pregnant women during pregnancy.