| Objective:General practice is a secondary discipline,its unique medical view and methodology are different from other highly specialized secondary disciplines.Comprehensive taking care is one of the basic characteristics of general medicine service.General practitioner,as a core strength to provide primary care,should not only pay attention to the body health also pay attention to patients’ psychological health,and the various studies of modern medicine also confirmed that the mutual influence between mental health and physical health.In addition,foreign studies have confirmed that long-term exposure to patients with mental health problems also has an impact on the mental health of treatment staff.Domestic investigation into the mental health of medical staff found that the mental health status of the domestic medical staff than the general population.The mental health of general practitioners(GP),who need to contact patients frequently and are medical staff,is also worthy of attention.This study aims to understand the psychological status of jinan GP,to clarify whether they have mental health problems;if so,what are the main problems?What are the factors that cause these problems and affect their mental health?Hope for the future of jinan sound development in general medicine,ensure good psychological quality and health status of general practitioners,to provide theoretical support and reference.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on in-service general practitioners in 6 districts of Jinan City(Lixia District,Shizhong District,Tianqiao District,Huaiyin District,Licheng District and Changqing District)from October 2021 to June 2022 by questionnaire survey method.The questionnaire used the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)and the self-designed questionnaire as the mental health test tools(see the Appendix for the specific scale).The self-designed questionnaire included three questions:demographic data and other information,sources and coping styles of stress,and social support.The questionnaire was issued in the form of scanning code and filling in the WJX platform.The method of stratified sampling was adopted to conduct random sampling according to the proportion of the number of physicians in each district in the 6 districts.Demographic data and other data used to count and constituent ratio of way,psychological data to mean ± standard(x±s)descriptive analysis way.Contrast between groups of data samples according to the set of several different use independent sample t-test and single factor variance analysis,comparison between different groups using SNK test,to explore the effect of multiple factors using the Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical linear regression analysis,compared with other models with single sample t-test.The data were considered statisticall significant with P<0.05.Results:The 241 GPs who participated in the questionnaire survey used SCL-90 as the detection scale,the positive detection rate was 9.96%,the total average score was 107.58±22.01,and the average score interval of each factor was 1.07-1.30.Compared with the national norm and the national doctor norm,the average scores of all factors of general practitioners in Jinan were significantly lower than those of the two groups(P<0.05,P<0.01 respectively).Factor scores of general practitioners in Jinan were lower than those of general practitioners and general practice resident doctor standardized training students in other areas(Beijing and Nanjing)(P<0.05).Gender,age,education background and chronic disease have certain influence on the mental health of the general practitioners in this survey.Men scored higher on both"interpersonal sensitivity" and "psychosis" factors,and the differences were statistically significant compared with women.People younger than 30 scored higher on the "paranoid ideation" factor than people older than 30,a statistically significant difference.The scores of"depression","paranoia" and "neuropathies" were higher in people with junior college degree or below than those with bachelor’s degree or above.People with chronic diseases scored higher on"somatization","interpersonal sensitivity","hostility" and"other"factors,showing a statistical difference compared with people without chronic diseases.GPs who were stressed at work or at home had a higher Symptom Self-Rating Scale(SCL-90)score than those who were not stressed(P<0.05).Time outside of work is occupied will have a negative impact on mental health,and there are significant statistical differences in "somatization","obsessive-compulsive behavior","interpersonal sensitivity","depression","anxiety","hostility" six factors.Work stress(r=0.238,P<0.01),life stress(r=0.253,P<0.01),occupation of spare time(r=0.196,P<0.01)were positively correlated with the total score of SCL-90.In hierarchical linear regression analysis,work stress(p=0.154,P<0.05),life stress(β=0.194,P<0.05),and leisure time occupation(β=0.151,P<0.05)entered the model successively had negative effects on mental health.Both hobbies and sports can have positive effects on mental health.Hobbies can reduce the scores of "obsessive-compulsive behavior","depression" and "hostility".Exercise was associated with lower scores of "depression" factors,the best effect is 150 to 300 minutes per week,or 20 to 45 minutes per day.Correlation analysis showed that developing hobbies and sports were negatively correlated with SCL-90 scores(r=-0.152;r=-0.136),that is,the more time spent on hobbies or sports,the lower the SCL-90 score.When encountering stress,people can effectively use social resources and actively seek social support,such as seeking spouse(82.35%)>parents,brothers and sisters(67.16%)>friends(63.7%),or seeking psychological professional help,which plays an important role in alleviating bad mood and maintaining mental health.Conclusion:1.The survey of general practitioners(GPs)in Jinan City has a good mental health status.The results showed that the mental health status of general practitioners in Jinan city was better than that of the general practitioners in other areas.2.Female GPs,those aged over 30,those with a bachelor’s degree or above,and those without chronic diseases had better mental health.3.Stress at work,stress at home,and personal time being consumed by other people’s events can have a negative impact on mental health.Under the joint action of many factors,the influence of life pressure on mental health is more prominent.4.Positive coping methods such as developing hobbies,exercising and effectively using social resources to obtain social support have a protective effect on mental health. |
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