A Comparative Study On The Effects Of Camellia Seed Oil And Corn Oil On Chronic Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury In Mice

Objective Dietary fat plays an important role in the course and development of alcoholic fatty liver disease(AFLD),but the effects of different oils on AFLD are different.Camellia seed oil(CSO)is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFAs),while corn oil(CO)is the commonly used polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)oil.This article aims to compare the effects of CSO and CO on alcoholic liver injury and investigate the related mechanism.Methods AFLD model was established by feeding 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice with Lieber-DeCarli diet.The 24 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:pair-fed(PF)with corn oil(CO)group(PF/CO);alcohol-fed(AF)with CO group(AF/CO);PF with camellia seed oil(CSO)group(PF/CSO);AF with CSO group(AF/CSO).CO and CSO were the only sources of dietary fat,respectively.After 4 weeks,plasma and tissue samples were collected.Biochemical kit detection,pathological section staining,protein immunoblotting,16SrRNA sequencing and other molecular biological methods were used to compare the effects and potential mechanisms of camellia seed oil and corn oil on chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.Results Our data revealed that CSO-feed significantly rescued alcohol-induced liver injury compared to CO-feed,evidenced by measurements of plasma ALT activity,H&E staining,and hepatic cleaved-caspase 3 expression.Besides,CSO-feed alleviated alcohol-induced oxidative stress by reducing liver malondialdehyde(MDA)level(P<0.0001)and protein expression level of 4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE),associated with nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor(NRF2)and hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)expressions improvement.The reduction of F4/80 immunostaining and the decreased expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin 6(IL-6)in mice livers suggested that CSO-feed improved alcohol-induced inflammatory response.In addition,mechanism studies revealed that apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1(ASK1)/mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPKs)signaling pathway is involved in camellia seed oil’s effect on chronic alcohol-induced liver injury.According to the results of 16SrRNA sequencing of intestinal flora,we observed that CSO-feed relieved the imbalance of intestinal flora with the decreased firmicutes and the increased bacteroidota,and reduced circulatory endotoxin level(P<0.01),which is the known pathogenic factor in alcohol-induced liver injury.CSO also alleviates the lipolysis level of adipose tissue caused by chronic alcohol feeding.Interestingly,camellia seed oil increases lipid accumulation in the live.Triglyceride(TG)level in mouse liver samples was increased,and it was associated with up-regulated of sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c(SREBP-1c)and Acyl CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2(DGAT2).Conclusion The preliminary findings showed that camellia seed oil had beneficial effects on chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in C57BL/6J mice compared with corn oil.MUFAs enriched CSO attenuated chronic alcohol consumption-induced liver injury,hepatic oxidative stress,inflammation,intestinal dysbiosis.It also mitigated the lipolysis of adipose tissue caused by alcohol.