| Objective:In recent years,the prevalence rate of ASD(Autism spectrum disorder,ASD)has become higher and higher in the world.The emotional behavior problem of ASD children is one of the common common comorbidities.To explore the emotional behavior problem and related influencing factors of preschool ASD children is helpful to develop personalized programs for different children,help ASD children integrate into society faster,and achieve better rehabilitation effects.In this study,a cross-sectional study was used to investigate the current situation of emotional and behavioral problems of preschool ASD children,and to explore the impact of demographic characteristics,family environment,parenting style,screen time,sleep problems,and parental emotional status of preschool ASD children on their emotional and behavioral problems,so as to provide guidance for children’s comprehensive rehabilitation and provide reference for follow-up research.Methods:The research subjects were 343 ASD children aged 3-6 years who visited the Children’s Rehabilitation Clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from January 2022 to September 2022,recovered from the Children’s Rehabilitation Training Area,and related rehabilitation training institutions in Jining City.Using three scales:the 2-6-year-old Preschool Child Behavior Scale,the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale,and the Preschool ASD Children’s General and Related Living Conditions Survey Questionnaire,a questionnaire survey was conducted on the main caregivers of the study subjects in paper or star format.The subjects’ emotional and behavioral problems,demography characteristics,family environment,video time,sleep problems,parenting styles,parents’ emotional state,etc.were investigated.Use SPSS 23.0 statistical analysis software for result analysis.Results:241 out of 343 preschool children with ASD in this study had emotional and behavioral problems,with a detection rate of 70.26%.201 had internalization problems(58.60%)and 193 had externalization problems(56.27%).The detection rates of various emotional and behavioral problems were ranked from high to low as social withdrawal(230,67.06%),attention(182,53.06%),aggression(118,34.40%),emotional control(102,29.74%)Hyperactivity(70 people,20.41%),anxiety(68 people,19.83%),and somatization(55 people,16.03%).The protective factors for various emotional and behavioral problems include boys,young age,primary caregivers under 30 years old,breastfeeding,parental education with support as the main behavior,no sleep anxiety,no nocturnal awakening problems,no sleep resistance,no sleep delay,and primary caregivers without stress emotions.The risk factors are:the age at which electronic products are first exposed is less than or equal to 6 months,and the family’s residence is in a city.Conclusion:1.The detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children with ASD is as high as 70.26%,among which special attention should be paid to four types of emotional and behavioral problems with high detection rates:social withdrawal,attention,aggression,and emotional control.2.The emotional behavior of preschool children with ASD is influenced by multiple factors,including gender,age,whether they are an only child,family residence,birth method,feeding method,mother’s birth age,mother’s history of active and passive smoking during pregnancy,time of initial exposure to electronic products,various sleep problems,whether parental educational behavior is supportive,and whether the primary caregiver has depression,anxiety,and stress emotional states are the main influencing factors.The impact of age is more prominent,and as age increases,emotional behavior may become more severe.The emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children with ASD cannot be ignored.It is necessary to pay attention to their possible influencing factors,timely intervene,and develop personalized treatment plans for various emotional and behavioral problems. |
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