| Objective: In this study,we intend to explore the differences in stimulated by retinoic acid gene 6(STRA6)expression in lung squamous carcinoma(LUSC)tissues and normal lung tissues through multi-platform bioinformatic analysis tools.The study aims to understand the value of STRA6 as a diagnostic,therapeutic,and prognostic biomarker in LUSC and to investigate the relationship between STRA6 and changes in the tumor microenvironment and classical oncogene expression.The study seeks to elucidate the role of STRA6 in the development of LUSC and its potential as an immune therapeutic target.Methods: The study utilizes GEPIA and UALCAN tools to detect the differential expression of STRA6 in LUSC tissues and normal lung tissues in the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)databases.The study analyzes the correlation between STRA6 expression and clinical parameters in lung cancer patients and explores the relationship between STRA6 expression and patient survival.The study conducts immune cell infiltration analysis of STRA6 using the TIMER2.0 platform and further explores the correlation between STRA6 expression and common T-cell checkpoint markers(PD-1/PD-L1,CTLA-4),P53,and EGFR in the GEPIA database.The study discusses the possibility of STRA6 as a new immune therapeutic target.Finally,the study collects LUSC patient tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues for immunohistochemical staining to validate the diagnostic value of STRA6 in LUSC.The study also conducts survival analysis based on clinical data from the hospital to verify the relationship between STRA6 and patient survival.Results: Data related to 502 lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC)specimens and 53 normal lung tissue specimens were obtained from TCGA and GTEx databases.STRA6 was found to be overexpressed in LUSC tissues but not expressed in normal lung tissues.UALCAN analysis showed that STRA6 expression was not significantly correlated with patient gender,tumor stage,lymph node metastasis stage,or P53 mutation type.Additionally,STRA6 expression did not show significant statistical differences in survival time(P=0.051),but it was higher in the 61-80 years age group than in the 41-60 years age group.STRA6 expression levels were significantly positively correlated with the infiltration of CD4+ T cells,CD8+ T cells,and neutrophils in the LUSC tumor microenvironment,but not with the infiltration of B cells,dendritic cells,or monocytes.Moreover,STRA6 expression was negatively correlated with PD-1 expression and positively correlated with P53 expression,but not significantly correlated with PD-L1,CTLA-4,and EGFR expression.Immunohistochemistry results further confirmed that STRA6 was significantly overexpressed in LUSC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues.However,survival analysis based on the data of 39 LUSC patients from our hospital showed that patients with high STRA6 expression had better prognosis(P<0.05).Conclusion: STRA6 was highly expressed in lung squamous carcinoma tissues and Non-expression in normal lung tissues,and STRA6 expression was not significantly correlated with age,sex,T-stage and N-stage of lung squamous carcinoma patients.Although STRA6 does not serve as an independent risk factor,it still has diagnostic value for LUSC.STRA6 correlated with CD4+ T cells,CD8+ T cell immune infiltration and neutrophil infiltration in the microenvironment of LUSC patients,negatively correlated with PD-1 expression and positively correlated with P53 expression,but did not significantly correlated with PD-L1,CTLA-4 and EGFR expression,These findings suggest that STRA6 has the potential to become a next-generation immunotherapeutic target.The results of the raw letter analysis showed that patients with high STRA6 m RNA expression tended to have a worse prognosis(P=0.051),while the immunohistochemical results showed that patients with high STRA6 protein level expression had a better long-term prognosis;Further research is needed on its impact on prognosis results. |
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