Latent Profile Analysis Of Spiritual Care Competence Of Medical Staff In Nursing Homes And Its Relationship With Spiritual Health

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of the spiritual care competence of medical staff in nursing homes.Based on latent profile analysis,explore the latent profile of the spiritual care competence of medical staff,and analyze the characteristics of each latent profile according to the research results of influencing factors.Besides,compare the difference of spiritual health of medical staff in nursing homes with different latent profile of spiritual care competence.MethodsThis study adopts a cross-sectional study.From January 2022 to September 2022,through convenient sampling,the medical staff in 34 nursing homes in 5 cities in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects for a questionnaire survey.The research tools include the self-designed general information questionnaire,the Spiritual Care Competence Scale(SCCS),the Spiritual Health Scale Short Form(SHS-SF),the Emotional Intelligence Scale(EI),the Self-Transcendence Scale(STS),the doctor-patient relationship scale and the internal service quality scale.SPSS24.0 and Mplus8.3 software were used for statistical analysis.The statistical methods include descriptive analysis,one-way ANOVA,chi-square test,latent profile analysis,linear regression analysis,and multi-class logistic regression analysis。Results1.The total score of the spiritual care competence of the medical staff in the nursing homes is(69.65±15.52).The scores of the six dimensions of evaluation and implementation ability,professional development and quality improvement ability,support ability,referral ability,spiritual attitude to patients,and communication ability are(10.58±3.39),(13.90±4.39),(15.87±4.38),(5.17±1.90),(15.73±3.76),and(8.26±1.69)respectively.2.According to the results of latent profile analysis,the spiritual care competence of medical staff in nursing homes is divided into four categories,which are "High capacity and stable type",accounting for 16.1%;"Medium capacity risk type",accounting for 42.1%;"Low capacity unstable type",accounting for 19.5%;"High cognitive-low ability type",accounting for 22.3%.3.The results of multi-classified logistic regression analysis showed that marriage status,age,nature of unit,daily working hours,hospice care experience,spiritual learning and training experience,emotional intelligence,doctor-patient relationship,internal service quality and self-transcendence were the influencing factors of different latent profile of spiritual care competence of medical staff in nursing homes(P<0.05).4.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that:"High cognitive-low ability type","Medium ability risk type",and "High ability stable type";The spiritual health level of the medical staff of the "Low capacity unstable type","Medium capacity risk type",and "High capacity stable type" pension institutions increased in turn(P<0.01),while the spiritual health level of the "High cognitive-low capacity type"and "Low capacity unstable type" had no difference(P>0.05).After controlling the variables,there was no difference in the level of spiritual health between the two groups of "Medium ability risk type" and "Low ability unstable type"and between the two groups of "Medium ability risk type" and "High ability stable type"(P>0.05).Conclusions1.The spiritual care competence of the medical staff in the nursing homes is at the middle level,with the highest score in the dimension of communication ability and the lowest score in the dimension of referral ability.2.There is group heterogeneity in the spiritual care competence of medical staff in nursing homes,which can be divided into four categories:"high ability stable type","medium ability risk type","low ability unstable type"and "high cognitive-low ability type".3.There are differences among the different potential categories of the spiritual care competence of the medical staff in the nursing homes,such as marital status,age,nature of the unit,daily working hours,hospice care experience,spiritual learning and training experience,emotional intelligence,doctor-patient relationship,internal service quality and self-transcendence,which can predict the potential categories of the spiritual care competence of the medical staff in the nursing homes.4.The spiritual health level of the medical staff in the "high-capacity stable" elderly care institutions is significantly higher than that of the "low-capacity unstable" and"high-cognitive-low-capacity".