Impact Of Allergic Rhinitis On Health-related Quality Of Life In Patients Aged 5-18 Years And Their Parents

Objective: In this study,patients with allergic rhinitis aged 5-18 years and their parents were selected as research objects.The research was designed to evaluate their health-related quality of life by a questionnaire survey and to explore the impact of allergic rhinitis and health-related quality of life in these patients and their parents,and to verify potential factors that might affect their health-related quality of life.Method: 90 allergic rhinitis patients aged 5-18 years and their 90 parents who visited Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from November 2021 to November 2022 were selected,the control group was a total of 90 non-allergic rhinitis children and adolescents randomly selected from primary,secondary and high schools in Yangzhou City and their 90 parents.The group of patients with allergic rhinitis and their parents and control group were defined as group A and group B respectively.Chinese versions of the Peds QL^TM 4.0 Generic Core Scale was used to assess healthrelated quality of life in children and adolescents.Chinese versions of the Peds QL^TM 2.0 Family Impact Module was used to measure health-related quality of life in parents.Scale scores were compared between group A and group B to investigate the impact of allergic rhinitis on health-related quality of life in patients and their parents.Uni-VAS was used to measure severity of symptoms of allergic rhinitis.Data of the age and gender of all participants,duration of allergic rhinitis,Uni-VAS scores,parents’ education,working status and household annual income was analyzed to verify if these factors did affect health-related quality of life in allergic rhinitis patients and their parents.All data in this study was processed by SPSS 25.0（SPSS Inc.,Chicago,USA）.Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard（X±SD）deviation,Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for normality test,and T-test was used for comparison between groups conforming to normal distribution.Analysis of variance（ANOVA）was used for comparison between multiple groups means,and LSD method was used for pair comparison after ANOVA had statistical significance.Categorical data were expressed as percentage,and Chi-square（χ2）test was used for comparison between these groups.Multiple step-up analysis was used for multivariate analysis to screen the influencing factors of health-related quality of life in patients and parents,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of the Peds QL Generic Core Scale and Peds QL Family Impact Module.Bilateral test was used for statistical analysis,and the significance test level was set as α=0.05.Results: 1.In terms of Peds QL^TM 4.0 Generic Core Scale,the summary scores and scores of physical functioning,emotional functioning,social functioning,and school functioning of group A patients were significantly lower than those of the group B children and adolescents.As for group A parents,their summary scores of Peds QL^TM 2.0 Family Impact Module and scores of physical functioning,emotional functioning,social functioning,cognitive functioning,worry,communication,daily activities,family relationships,health-related quality of life and family functioning were lower than those of group B parents（P<0.001）.2.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in summary scores of Generic Core Scale in terms of patients’ gender,subcutaneous immunotherapy and parents’ work status in group A and B children and adolescents（P<0.05）,while there were no statistically significant differences in parents’ gender,education and household annual income（P>0.05）.And there were statistically significant ifferences in scores of health-related quality of life of FIM scale in subcutaneous immunotherapy between group A and B parents（P<0.05）,however,in terms of gender of participants,parent’s work status,education and household annual income,no statistically significant difference of scores of health-related quality of life of FIM scale in group A and B parents was found（P>0.05）.3.Multivariate analysis showed that gender and age of patients,subcutaneous immunotherapy,Uni-VAS scores,duration of allergic rhinitis and age of parents were influencing factors of health-related quality of life of patients.Gender of the patients,Uni-VAS scores,duration of allergic rhinitis,gender and education of parents were influencing factors of health-related quality of life of parents.4.Scores of health-related quality of life in Generic Core Scale showed a positive correlation with scores of health-related quality of life in FIM Scale.Conclusion: 1.Allergic rhinitis has a negative effect on health-related quality of life in both allergic rhinitis patients aged 5-18 years and their parents.2.Gender and ages of patients,severity of allergic rhinitis symptoms,subcutaneous immunotherapy,duration of allergic rhinitis and ages of parents are influencing factor of health-related quality of life in allergic rhinitis patients aged 5-18.3.Gender of patients,severity of allergic rhinitis symptoms,duration of allergic rhinitis,ages and education of parents are influencing factor of health-related quality of life in parents.