Study On Care And Nursing Service System Of Alzheimer’s Disease Based On Social Support Theory

Objective:Alzheimer’s disease has become the fourth biggest threat to the health of the elderly,causing a series of social problems and disputes.This study is based on the "work Plan for exploring characteristic Services for the Prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease" issued by the National Health Commission in September 2020,from the perspective of the needs of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.To identify the differences between Alzheimer’s patients and ordinary elderly people and people with cognitive disabilities,to understand their special needs,and to learn from the experience of various countries in the construction of Alzheimer’s care and nursing service system.On the basis of social support theory,combined with the national conditions of our country,through Delphi expert consultation with experts engaged in clinical neuroscience,clinical care,geriatric care,nursing management and health management in domestic government administrative departments,university scientific research institutes,medical and health institutions and old-age nursing institutions.In order to improve the accuracy of care and nursing services,reduce the burden of nursing staff to care for patients with Alzheimer’s disease and improve their quality of life in our country.Methods:The related concepts of care and nursing service and social support for Alzheimer’s disease were explained through Literature research method,and the theoretical framework was constructed based on the theory of social support.Meta-synthesis was used to integrate the care and nursing needs of patients and their caregivers.Combining theoretical research with the actual situation in China,combined with social support theory to clarify the responsibility of social supporters.Through Delphi expert consultation and panel discussion to establish a systematic Alzheimer’s disease care and nursing service system,to provide a scientific basis for the long-term development of Alzheimer’s disease care and nursing services.Results:1.A qualitative study on the demand for Care Services the results of Meta Integration.In the Meta-synthesis demand for Alzheimer’s care and nursing services,18 related literatures were included,and the needs of care services were classified into 11first-level items and 53 second-level items.The quality order of first-level items is health intervention needs,supportive service needs,symptom management needs,ADLs needs,functional maintenance needs,psychological/personality needs,social needs,end-stage needs,environmental needs,quality needs of caregivers and caregivers needs.2.Construct the care and nursing service system of Alzheimer’s disease based on the theory of social support.Combining with the theory of social support,a figure of care and nursing system covering the patients whole life cycle with Alzheimer’s disease was constructed.It covers the whole life cycle of patients from the discovery and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease to the daily nursing in the early stage of the disease,to the nursing in the acute deterioration period,and finally to home nursing in the later stage of the disease.Multiple social support subjects provide continuous services in different periods of the course of the disease,and nursing subjects such as primary health care institutions,nursing homes and long-term care insurance companies provide corresponding care and information services.Professional medical personnel and institutions and other professional medical support subjects to diagnose and treat patients to maintain the quality of life of patients.3.To establish a whole life cycle care and nursing service system for patients with Alzheimer’s disease.In the development of the content system of care service based on expert importance score and panel discussion by Delphi method,the first-level items "ADLs assistance service" and "environmental demand" were changed to "ADLs service" and "environmental intervention",and the second-level items "diagnosis and evaluation" and "drug intervention" were changed to "early diagnosis and evaluation" and "moderate drug intervention".The content system of Alzheimer’s disease care service is constructed,which includes 11 first-level projects and 53 second-level projects.According to the expert importance score and panel discussion,the first-level items "ADLs assistance services" and "environmental needs" were changed into "ADLs services" and "environmental intervention",and the second-level items "diagnosis and evaluation" and "drug intervention" were changed into "early diagnosis and evaluation" and "moderate drug intervention".The content system of Alzheimer’s disease care services was constructed,which includes 11 first-level projects and 53 second-level projects.Conclusion:In order to deal with the impact of Alzheimer’s disease,many social support subjects,such as the government,communities,families,medical institutions at all levels and social organizations,draw lessons from the experience of various countries in the construction of Alzheimer’s care and nursing service system,combined with our own national conditions,we should clarify the responsibilities of each subject on the basis of understanding Alzheimer’s patients and their caregivers.Coordinate with each other to provide supportive care and nursing services,establish a security system,improve the construction of talents team and strict access criterion,and strengthen the monitoring and management of various links,and provide a reference basis for promoting the integrity and continuity of the care and nursing service system.