| ObjectivesTo describe the surrounding green space utilization of patients with hypertension and diabetes managed by Shenzhen Community Health Service Center.To explore the correlation between green space utilization and unfulfilled blood glucose control among patients with diabetes as well as unfulfilled blood pressure control among patients with hypertension.From the perspective of blood glucose control and blood pressure control,to evaluate the health effect of green space on population.At the same time,to provide corresponding basis for the health intervention path of blood glucose and blood pressure control.MethodsIn this study,a cross-sectional study was used to select patients with diabetes and hypertension managed by basic public health services in Shenzhen by stratified multistage random sampling method.Finally,752 patients with diabetes and 1116 patients with hypertension were included in the follow-up analysis.Questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory examination were applied to all the respondents.SAS 9.4 software was used for data cleaning,processing,and analysis.For measurement data of normal distribution,the mean and standard deviation(x± s)were used to indicate while the t-test was used for group comparison;For measurement data of non-normal distribution,the median and quartile[M(Q1,Q3)]were used to represent while Mann-Whitney Utest was used for group comparison;The frequency and constituent ratio or rate[n(%)]in counting data were used to express while the χ2 test was used for group comparison.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation,stratification,and interaction between surrounding green space utilization and unfulfilled blood glucose control in patients with diabetes and unfulfilled blood pressure control in patients with hypertension.Among them,interaction test was verified by the P-value of the product term of two elements.The level of two-sided test α=0.05 and P<0.05 was considered to be a statistically significant difference.Results1.The self-reported green space utilization rate of patients with diabetes was 86.44%(650/752),and that of patients with hypertension was 87.46%(976/1 116).Among patients with diabetes and hypertension,the following groups had a high green space utilization rate:the population aged 60 and above,non-working people,people with medium and high SES levels,and people with active physical activities(P<0.05).2.The rate of fulfilled blood glucose control in patients with diabetes was 65.16%(490/752).The utilization of green space had a positive association on blood glucose control in patients with diabetes.The utilization of green space was a protective factor for unfulfilled blood glucose control(OR=0.54,95%CI:0.30～0.97);The utilization of green space 6 to 7 days per week was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood glucose control(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.27～0.83);Daily use of green space 120 min or more was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood glucose control(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.34～0.97);The utilization of green space for encouraging physical activity and relieving mental stress was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood glucose control(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.29～0.90);The daily physical activity time of green space 120 min or more was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood glucose control(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.32～0.90);The weekly physical activity equivalent of green space 3000 MET mins/week or more was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood glucose control(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.31～0.86).The results of hierarchical analysis and interaction test showed that gender and green space utilization had interaction on unfulfilled blood glucose control in patients with diabetes(P<0.05),while there was no interaction between physical activity and green space use on unfulfilled blood pressure control in diabetic patients(P>0.05).3.The rate of fulfilled blood pressure control in hypertensive patients was 60.66%(677/1 116),and the utilization of green space had a positive association on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients.The utilization of green space was a protective factor for unfulfilled blood pressure control(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.22～0.95);The utilization of green space 6 to 7 days per week was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood pressure control(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.07～0.79);Daily use of green space 120 min or more was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood pressure control(OR=0.32,95%CI:0.13～0.78);The utilization of green space for encouraging physical activity and relieving mental stress was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood pressure control(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.17～0.98);The daily physical activity time of green space 120 min or more was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood pressure control(OR=0.26,95%CI:0.11～0.65);The weekly physical activity equivalent of green space 3000 MET mins/week or more was negatively correlated with unfulfilled blood pressure control(OR=0.29,95%CI:0.12～0.74).The results of hierarchical analysis and interaction test showed that there was no interaction between gender,physical activity and green space use on unfulfilled blood pressure control in hypertensive patients(P>0.05).ConclusionsThe utilization of green space has positive significance for blood glucose control in patients with diabetes and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension.At the same time,the more days of green space utilization,the longer time of green space utilization,the more motivation for green space utilization(the motivation to promote physical activity and relieve mental pressure),the stronger intensity of green space utilization(including daily green space physical activity time and weekly green space physical activity equivalent),the lower risk of unfulfilled glucose control in patients with diabetes and unfulfilled blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. |
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