Investigation On The Status And Analysis Of Influencing Factors Of Nurses’ Active Reporting Of Patient And Visitor Violence

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to understand the status of nurses’ active reporting of patient and visitor violence(PVV)and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for formulating corresponding intervention strategies and reducing the incidence of PVV among nurses.Methods1.The qualitative study on enablers and barriers of nurses’ active reporting of PVV Guided by Vincent clinical event analysis method,purposive sampling was adopted to select nurses with PVV experience from different levels of hospitals in Suzhou for semi-structured interviews from December 2021 to March 2022,analyzing the enablers and barriers of nurses’ active reporting of PVV.2.Investigation on the status and analysis of influencing factors of nurses’ active reporting of PVVAccording to the enablers and barriers of nurses’ active reporting of PVV events identified in the qualitative interviews in the first part,combined with the literature review results of influencing factors of nurses’ active reporting of PVV events,the core variables were quantified to form the Questionnaire of nurses’ active reporting of patient and visitor violence.Convenient sampling was adopted to investigate nurses with PVV experiences in four tertiary hospitals in Suzhou from May to December 2022,so as to understand the status of nurses’ active reporting of PVV and analyze its influencing factors.Results1.The qualitative study on enablers and barriers of nurses’ active reporting of PVV(1)Enablers:①Cognitive factors:Rich knowledge of PVV;strong reporting awareness.②Management factors:Positive attitude of manager;streamlined reporting system;comprehensive education and training.③Environmental factors:Positive department reporting atmosphere;safe working environment.(2)Barriers:①Nurses’ own features:Introverted personality;fear of negative effects.②Clinical circumstances:Perpetrator factor interference;heavy workload.2.Current status of nurses’ active reporting of PVV(1)Reporting rate:The active reporting rate of nurses suffering from PVV was 37.2%,among which 36.1%reported psychological violence,41.8%reported physical violence,and 43.2%reported sexual violence.(2)Reporting process:87.2%of nurses chose to report PVV orally,and 84.4%chose to report to the head nurse after suffering PVV.(3)Occurrence characteristics of PVV events actively reported by nurses①Characteristics of personnel implementing PVV:95.0%of the violent incidents were committed by patients or their family members,63.3%of the perpetrators were male,and 56.0%of the perpetrators were middle-aged.②Context for implementing PVV:"Unreasonable requests were rejected","abnormal mental state",and "dissatisfaction with the hospital treatment system or process" were the common situations of implementing PVV,accounting for 50.9%,32.6%,and 31.2%,respectively.(4)Reasons for not actively reporting PVV:"Lack of reporting atmosphere in the department","little impact of violent incidents" and "unclear what should be reported"were the common reasons for nurses not actively reporting PVV,accounting for 45.4%,43.8%and 41.3%,respectively.3.Analysis of influencing factors of nurses’ active reporting of PVVMulti-factor analysis showed that:the department category,whether nurses thought the severity of violence would affect the reporting,whether the hospital encouraged the reporting of PVV,whether the hospital had a PVV reporting system,and the degree of attention of the hospital to reporting PVV were the main factors affecting nurses’ active reporting of PVV.ConclusionsThe active reporting rate of PVV among nurses was relatively low,and the reporting method was mainly oral reporting to the head nurse.Department category,nurses’cognition and attitudes towards PVV reporting,and hospitals’ attitudes and management measures towards PVV reporting will affect nurses’ active reporting of PVV.It is suggested that hospital managers develop targeted intervention strategies based on relevant factors that affect nurses’ active reporting of PVV,so as to improve the current situation of nurses’ active reporting of PVV.