Effect Of High-Intensity Interval Training On Body Composition,Blood Lipid,and Arterial Stiffness In Female College Students With Normal-Weight Obesity

Over the past decade,the prevalence of Normal-Weight Obesity(NWO)has been increasing annually.As a subtype of traditional obesity,the incidence of NWO in the population is also high,making it a common public health issue.Globally,the prevalence of NWO ranges from 4.5% to 22%.In certain Asian ethnic regions,approximately 30% of individuals commonly experience NWO,which is considered an underrecognized but widespread issue in Asian individuals.NWO can lead to the development of Normal-Weight obesity and central obesity,which can trigger the occurrence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,type 2 diabetes,hypertension,and atherosclerosis(AS).Therefore,this article aims to explore the effects of high-intensity interval training on body composition,blood lipids,and arterial stiffness in female university students with NWO,with the hope of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in the NWO population and restoring a normal body weight with a normal body fat percentage.Objective: To investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training on improving body composition,blood lipids,and arterial stiffness in female college students with normal-weight obesity.Methods: This study employed a literature review,experimental method,and mathematical statistical method.Using a measurement screening approach,40 female college students with normal-weight obesity were selected from a voluntary sample of137 female college students at the Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences.The selected 40 participants were randomly assigned to two groups(experimental and control)in a 2(experimental/control)x 2(pre-test/post-test)mixed experimental design.The experimental group received high-intensity interval training for 30 minutes,5 times.a week,while the control group only received health education without exercise intervention.The study included tests on body composition,blood lipids,and arterial stiffness,with data collected and analyzed using mathematical statistical methods.Results: Research findings: 1.Regarding body composition,between-group comparisons showed no significant differences in pre-test body composition between the experimental and control groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in body mass index(BMI),body fat percentage(BF%),body fat mass(BFM),body fat mass of the left arm(LBFM),skeletal muscle mass(SMM),protein,total body water(TBW),and Inbody score between the two groups,with the experimental group exhibiting significant reductions in BMI,BF%,BFM,and LBFM compared to the control group.However,the experimental group exhibited significant increases in SMM,protein,TBW,and Inbody score compared to the control group.Within-group comparisons showed significant differences(P<0.05)in weight,BMI,BF%,BFM,LBFM,obesity degree,SMM,protein,bone mineral content(BMC),fat-free mass(FFM),fatfree mass of the left arm(LFFM),TBW,total body water of the left arm(LTBW),body cell mass(BCM),and Inbody score before and after the intervention in the experimental group.After the intervention,weight,BMI,BF%,BFM,LBFM,and obesity degree decreased significantly compared to before the intervention,while SMM,protein,BMC,FFM,LFFM,TBW,LTBW,BCM,and Inbody score increased significantly.The control group exhibited significant differences(P<0.05)in weight,BMI,BF%,BFM,LBFM,and obesity degree before and after the intervention,with weight,BMI,BF%,BFM,LBFM,and obesity degree increasing significantly after the intervention compared to before the intervention.2.Regarding blood lipids,between-group comparisons showed no significant differences in cholesterol(CHOL)or triglycerides(TG)between the experimental and control groups before the intervention(P>0.05).After the intervention,significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in CHOL and TG between the two groups,with the experimental group exhibiting significant decreases in CHOL and TG compared to the control group.Within-group comparisons showed significant differences(P<0.01)in CHOL,TG,low-density lipoprotein(LDL),and high-density lipoprotein(HDL)in the experimental group,with CHOL and TG decreasing significantly and HDL increasing significantly after the intervention.The control group exhibited a significant increase in CHOL(P<0.05)after the intervention compared to before the intervention.3.Regarding arterial stiffness,between-group comparisons showed no significant differences in ankle-brachial index(ABI)or brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(ba PWV)between the experimental and control groups before or after the intervention(P>0.05).Within-group comparisons showed significant differences(P<0.05)in ABI in the experimental group,with ABI decreasing significantly after the intervention compared to before the intervention,indicating improved peripheral vascular function and reduced risk of arterial stiffness.Conclusion: 1.Four weeks of high-intensity interval training had a positive effect on body composition in female college students with Normal-weight obesity.2.Four weeks of high-intensity interval training improved blood lipids and reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease in female college students with Normal-weight obesity.3.Four weeks of high-intensity interval training improved peripheral arterial function and reduced the risk of arterial stiffness in female college students with Normal-weight obesity.