Study On The Relationship Between Nutritional Status And Eating Behavior And Feeding Style Of Preschool Children In Panjin City

ObjectiveThis paper describes the nutritional status,eating behavior and feeding style of preschool children in Panjin City in 2018~2019,explores the relationship between children’s nutritional status and eating behavior and feeding style,and provides a theoretical basis for improving children’s nutritional status,correcting incorrect eating behavior problems and caregivers’ feeding methods,and promoting the healthy development of children.MethodsThis study is part of the national project "Survey on the influence of family factors on the dietary structure and eating behavior of children aged 3 to 5 years old in2018-2019",using the principle of stratified sampling.The survey was conducted to obtain information on children’s nutrition,eating behavior and feeding practices of their caregivers.The final sample size was 209 cases.Nutritional status was divided into physical growth and diet,specifically including indicators of growth retardation,low weight,wasting,overweight obesity and dietary imbalance.The Preschool Children’s Eating Behavior Scale(CPEBQ)was applied to classify eating behavior into seven dimensions namely picky eating,food response,poor eating habits,over-full response,exogenous eating,emotional eating,and lack of autonomous eating.The Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire(CFSQ)was applied to categorize feeding styles into four dimensions i.e.authoritarian feeding,authoritative feeding,permissive feeding and neglectful feeding.EPIDATA software was used to enter and organize the information obtained.The t-test,chi-square test,Fisher’s exact probability method,and binary logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS26.0 statistical software.p<0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant.Results1.The mean height of children in each age group was higher than the WHO recommended standard,and the mean height of boys in the 4.0~4.4 years group was 6.7cm higher than the WHO standard,with the largest and statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The mean height of girls in the 3.0~3.4 years group was 6.2 cm higher than the WHO standard,with the largest and statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The mean weight of children in each age group was higher than the WHO recommended standard except for girls in the 5.5~5.9 years group.the mean weight of boys in the 5.0~5.4 years group was 4.2 kg higher than the WHO standard,with the largest and statistically significant difference(P<0.05).the mean weight of girls in the3.0~3.4 years group was 2.9 kg higher than the WHO standard,with the largest and statistically significant difference(P<0.05).the mean weight of girls in the 3.0~3.4years group was 2.9 kg higher than the WHO standard,with the largest and statistically significant difference(P<0.05).In contrast,the mean weight of girls in the 5.5~5.9years group was 0.2 kg lower than the WHO standard value,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).2.The rate of stunting among children was 1.4%,the rate of low weight was 1.0%,the rate of wasting was 8.6%,and the rate of overweight and obesity was 11.5%.There was a significant difference in the rate of stunting among children of different ages(P<0.05).There were significant differences in wasting rates among children in different regions,ages,and sex groups of primary caregivers(P<0.05).3.1% of children’s cereals met the recommended intake,13.4% of children’s milk reached the recommended intake,34.9% of children’s vegetables met the recommended intake,and the proportion of 12 foods per day was 11.5%.The overall level of children’s dietary quality tended to be over-intake,with 6.2% of children with high intake,87.1% with high intake,and 99.0% with unbalanced diet.4.Among children’s eating behavior problems,the detection rate of picky eating behavior problems was the highest 51.7%,followed by exogenous eating behavior problems with 45.9%,and the lowest detection rate of emotional eating behavior problems was 1.4%.Among the feeding styles of caregivers,the highest proportion was dictatorial feeding methods,41.1%,and the lowest proportion was authoritative feeding methods,which was 12.9%.5.Study on the relationship between children’s nutritional status,eating behavior and caregiver’s feeding style,binary logistics regression analysis showed that picky eating(OR=4.505,95%CI=1.083~18.747)was a risk factor for wasting in children,and picky eating(OR=3.292,95%CI=1.156~9.380)was also a risk factor for overweight and obesity in children.conclusions1.Among the preschool children surveyed in Panjin City,except for the girl group5.5~5.9,the average height and weight of children in other age groups were higher than the 2006 WHO reference standard.Nutritional status problems are mainly wasting,overweight,obesity and dietary imbalance.2.The proportion of cereals in preschool children in Panjin City who met the recommended intake was extremely low,and there was a serious problem of excessive intake,and the proportion of children’s vegetables and milk reaching the recommended intake was low,and there was a relatively serious problem of insufficient intake.3.The eating behavior problems of preschool children in Panjin City were mainly picky eating and exogenous eating behaviors,and the detection rate of emotional eating behavior problems was the lowest.The feeding style of caregivers is mainly dictatorial feeding,and authoritative feeding accounts for the lowest proportion.Caregivers should improve their knowledge of nutrition and health,form their own positive feeding practices,and cultivate good eating habits in children.4.The risk factors for nutritional status of preschool children in Panjin City were picky eating.Children’s poor eating behaviors should be improved,children’s nutrition levels should be improved,and children’s healthy development should be promoted.