| Objective: To analyze the cognition,willingness and demand of nursing undergraduates and the elderly for college students’ voluntary pension service,and to explore the related reasons and influencing factors that affect their willingness,so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of college students’ voluntary pension service and formulating sustainable development strategies.Methods: The mixed research method of quantity and quality was adopted in this study.1.Investigation and study: First,the sample area was determined by random sampling method,then the convenient sampling method was used,and the cognitive questionnaire of college students’ voluntary pension service was applied to conduct questionnaire surveys on nursing students and elderly people located in the sample area respectively.The contents of the questionnaire include the basic characteristics of demography,basic cognition of college students’ voluntary pension service,demand cognition and willingness to participate and their reasons.Excel and SPSS26.0 were used to establish the database,and SPSS26.0 software was used for data statistics and analysis.Statistical methods include: statistical description,chi-square test and binary Logistic regression analysis.2.Qualitative research: semi-structured interviews were conducted with nursing students and the elderly in this investigation by purposive sampling method,and the collected data were analyzed by seven-step analysis method.Results: 1.Investigation: A total of 358 nursing students and 306 elderly people were investigated.(1)45.3% of nursing students know about China’s aging situation,and 24.0% know about college students’ voluntary pension service,and the main channels for understanding are the media;38.9% of the elderly know about China’s aging situation,and only 8.8% know about college students’ voluntary pension services.The main channels for understanding are the media.(2)91.9% of nursing students are willing to participate in college students’ voluntary pension service.Self-interest motivation is the main reason why nursing students are willing to participate,and lack of time is the main reason why nursing students are unwilling to participate.65.7% of the elderly need college students’ voluntary service for the aged.Their own needs are the main reason why the elderly need this service,while their lack of interest is the main reason why the elderly do not need this service.(3)The survey results of nursing students show that: in terms of service quality,service attitude ranks first;In terms of service time,"other" ranks first(including flexibility of service time,etc.);In terms of service form,the first ranking is "both can be used";In terms of service frequency,the first ranking is "1 ～ 2 times a month";In terms of service duration,the first ranking is "1 ～ 2 hours";In terms of service location,the first ranking is "both can be used";In terms of service types,the first one is "spiritual comfort service".The survey results of the elderly show that: in terms of service quality,the service attitude ranks first;In terms of service time,the first priority is "other"(including any time,etc.);In terms of service forms,the first priority is to participate in "one-to-one" or "many-to-one" volunteer pension service activities;In terms of service frequency,"other" ranks first(including arranging service frequency according to service type,etc.);In terms of the length of service,rank the first "other"(including according to the students’ schedule,etc.);In terms of service location,the elderly are more inclined to accept college students’ voluntary pension service in their current residence;In terms of service types,the first one is "spiritual comfort service".(4)The results of binary Logistic regression showed: grade,gender,"who took care of me when I was a child?" And whether they understand the connotation and content of the voluntary old-age care service for college students are the main influencing factors of nursing students’ willingness to volunteer old-age care service for college students.2.Qualitative research: 15 nursing students and 15 elderly people were interviewed.(1)Cognition of college students’ voluntary service for the aged: Based on the interview results of nursing students,three themes were extracted,namely,respecting and loving the elderly is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation,effectively reducing the pressure of providing for the aged in China,and enhancing the personal ability in the process of college students’ voluntary service for the aged;According to the interview results of the elderly,three themes were extracted,namely,the effective help and support that college students’ voluntary pension service can bring to the elderly,the inadequate development of college students’ voluntary pension service at present,and the concern about college students’ voluntary pension service activities.(2)Cognition of college students’ demand for voluntary old-age care services: Based on the interview results of nursing students,two themes were extracted,namely,the flexibility of service time,frequency and long time and the diversification of service types;Four themes were extracted from the interview with the elderly,namely service time(sub-theme 1: timeliness;Sub-theme 2:anytime),service frequency(sub-theme 1: no idea;Sub-theme 2: no requirement),service duration(sub-theme 1: determined according to service type;Sub-topic 2: No requirement),service type(Sub-topic 1: No idea;Sub-theme 2: Diversified needs;Subtheme 3: Dynamic Demand).Conclusion:(1)Nursing students and the elderly have a medium level of understanding of college students’ voluntary pension service.Among them,nursing students and the elderly have an incomplete understanding of college students’ voluntary pension service,especially for the elderly.We should pay attention to improving the cognitive level of both the supply and demand sides and popularize college students’ voluntary pension services in many ways.(2)Nursing students and the elderly have higher willingness to participate in college students’ voluntary pension service.Nursing students and the elderly responded positively to college students’ voluntary old-age service activities,but the problems of incomplete cognitive level and imperfect service mechanism seriously restricted the development of college students’ voluntary old-age service.We should speed up the improvement of college students’ voluntary pension service mechanism and build multi-party support for college students’ voluntary pension service.(3)Nursing students and the elderly have a positive attitude towards college students’ voluntary pension service.Among them,security factors and heavy psychological burden are the main reasons why the elderly are unwilling to accept college students’ voluntary pension services.Before carrying out activities,we should avoid the risks in the service process in order to improve the acceptance of the elderly.(4)The cognition of nursing students and the elderly on the time,service form,service type and service quality of college students’ voluntary pension service is about the same,and their cognition on the service frequency and service duration are quite different,and they present the characteristics of individuality,flexibility,dynamics and diversity.Therefore,we should integrate the cognition of both supply and demand sides on the demand of college students’ voluntary pension service,and provide service activities that can meet the needs of both supply and demand,so as to promote their sustainable development.(5)The main factors influencing nursing students’ willingness to volunteer for the aged care for college students are grade,gender and "Who was taken care of as a child?" Whether you understand the connotation and content of college students’ voluntary pension service;The main factors that affect the elderly’s willingness to provide voluntary services for college students are age,living conditions and economic level. |
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