Study On Clinical Characteristics And Risk Factors Of Transient Symptoms With Infarction

Object:The aim of the study is to explore the clinical characteristics,risk factors and imaging features of transient symptomatic with infarction,which can provide some reference for the early diagnosis,clinical management,and later prevention strategies of such disease.Methods:A total of 223 patients,comprising 70 in the TSI group,74 in the TIA group,and 79 in the CI group,were chosen as research objects for this study.These individuals met the criteria for inclusion and had been hospitalized at the First Hospital of Jilin University Lequn Campus of Neurology from December 2021 to October 2022.Clinical variables such as general clinical data,past medical history,clinical manifestations,laboratory indicators and relevant imaging findings were collected from all patients.IBM SPSS26.00 statistical software was employed to perform univariate and multivariate analyses of all study data,screening out factors associated with the TSI group that were different from those in the TIA and CI groups.Subsequently,multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to detect risk factors associated with TSI for those variables that were statistically significant.Results:There were 70 patients in the TSI group,including 50 males(71.4%),with a mean age of 63.17±11.11 years.74 patients in the TIA group,including 52 males(70.3%),with a mean age of 62.42±9.42 years.79 patients in the CI group,including 48 males(60.8%),with a mean age of63.43±10.58 years.In the TSI group,the lesions were mainly located in the basal ganglia,the radiological crown area,the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe,in 33(47.1%),28(40%),and 23(32.9%)cases each.The number of lesions was mainly multiple,with 40 cases(57.1%).The lesions were mostly less than 1.5 cm in diameter,with predominantly microinfarcts.Atherosclerotic type was the most predominant etiology of TSI,accounting for 75.5%.Meanwhile,the overall ABCD3 score was high in the TSI group.In the univariate analysis,there was no statistical difference in general information(gender,age,history of smoking,history of alcohol consumption,systolic and diastolic blood pressure at admission)among the three groups.There were statistical differences in the history of previous cerebral infarction,hypertension,diabetes,and coronary heart disease among the three groups(P < 0.05),but no significant statistical differences in the history of atrial fibrillation.Regarding clinical characteristics,there were statistically significant differences in the type of paralysis,clumsy speech,numbness of limbs,duration of symptoms,and number of episodes among the three groups(P < 0.05),yet no noteworthy variations in the other clinical characteristics were observed.Regarding biochemical indicators,there were statistical differences between the three groups in leukocytes(P=0.015),prothrombin time(P=0.01),activated partial thromboplastin time(P=0.014),prothrombin time(P=0.003),D-dimer(P=0.028),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(P=0.038),and brain natriuretic peptide precursors(P<0.001),and no statistical differences were found for the remaining biochemical indicators.In terms of stenosis rate,degree of stenosis and nature of plaque in the carotid vessels,there were statistical differences among the three groups(P < 0.05),and there were no statistical differences in the presence or absence of plaque and the number of plaques in the carotid arteries.Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that single limb paralysis,high brain natriuretic peptide precursor level,severe vascular stenosis and high ABCD3 score were independent risk factors for TSI(P <0.05).Conclusions:1.Single limb paralysis,high brain natriuretic peptide precursor levels,severe vascular stenosis,and high ABCD3 scores are risk factors associated with TSI patients.2.The etiology of TSI patients is predominantly of the large-artery atherosclerotic type,which have a higher rate of head and neck stenosis and are mostly severe.3.The lesions in TSI patients are predominantly microinfarcts,mostly less than 1.5 cm in diameter,and the lesions tend to occur in the basal ganglia and the radiological crown area,frontal lobes and parietal lobes.4.TSI is a unique group of ischemic brain syndromes different from TIA and CI.