Analysis Of Clinical Manifestations And Risk Factors Of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis In Young Adults

Objective: To summarize the risk factors,clinical manifestations and imaging features of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.To study and analyze the similarities and differences of clinical manifestations and risk factors between young patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and middle-aged and elderly patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.Methods: The clinical data of 175 patients diagnosed with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2015 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the age of the patients,they were divided into youth group(18–44 years old)and middle-aged group(> 44 years old).The differences of clinical manifestations and risk factors between 103 young patients and 72 middle-aged patients were compared and analyzed,and the clinical characteristics of young cerebral venous sinus thrombosis were summarized.Results: Among the 175 patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis included in this study,the ratio of male to female was 1.16 : 1,and the median age was 35 years old.There was no difference in gender composition between young patients and middle-aged and elderly patients.The analysis of related risk factors showed that compared with the middle-aged and elderly patients,the young patients were more likely to have a history of pregnancy and puerperium(P < 0.001)and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(P = 0.033).Headache was the most common clinical manifestation of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis,followed by nausea and vomiting,limb weakness and numbness,dizziness and epilepsy.The probability of headache(P = 0.006)and generalized seizures(P = 0.014)in young patients was significantly higher than that in middle-aged and elderly patients.In terms of imaging findings,the superior sagittal sinus was most likely to be involved,followed by the right transverse sinus and sigmoid sinus.There was no difference in the involved veins / sinuses between the young group and the middle-aged and elderly group.However,in terms of brain parenchymal lesions,the young group was more likely to have lesions in the frontal lobe(P = 0.042)and parietal lobe(P = 0.023).Laboratory tests showed that compared with middle-aged and elderly patients,the increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(P = 0.006)and D-dimer(P = 0.006)in young patients was more obvious.Binary linear regression showed that pregnancy and puerperium were independent risk factors for young cerebral venous sinus thrombosis,and headache was more likely to occur in young patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.Conclusion : Young people are prone to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.The independent risk factors for young cerebral venous sinus thrombosis are pregnancy and puerperium.Compared with middle-aged and elderly patients,young patients are more likely to show headache symptoms.