Correlation Between Posterior Vitreoretinal Interface Features And Prognosis Of Epiretinal Membrane

Objective:By observing those patients’ characteristics of vitreous retinal interface(VRI)who suffer from epiretinal membrane(ERM),we can study the correlation between VRI and the occurrence and prognosis of ERM.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 42 patients(45 eyes)with ERM who underwent vitrectomy in The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University from February 2021 to August 2022.A total of 49 patients(54 eyes)were included in the normal control group.All patients were examined by conventional ophthalmic slit lamp,computer optometry and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)inspections,enhanced vitreous imaging optical coherence tomograghy(EVI-OCT)examination to observe the characteristic of posterior vitreous detachment(PVD)and posterior precortical vitreous pocket(PPVP),OCTA inspection to measure central subfield thickness(CST)and vessel density.Case group patients were operated by the same professor.Standard three-incision 25 G vitrectomy via the pars plana posterior approach combined with internal limiting membrane avulsion was performed.Follow-up visits were performed 1month and 3 months after surgery and corresponding data were recorded.SPSS25.0software was used for statistical analysis.Results:1.There was no significant difference in gender and age between the case group(42 cases,45 eyes)and the control group(49 cases,54 eyes).2.PPVP was associated with 10 eyes in the case group and 32 eyes in the control group.There was no significant correlation between the two groups of PPVP and age and gender.Patients with the presence of PPVP had greater diopter in the case group(P=0.038),but there was no significant correlation with BCVA(P=0.188).3.The average PPVP width was 7380.00±1098.67μm in the case group and7220.31±810.40μm in the control group.The average height of the PPVP was703.20±499.17μm in the case group and 603.72±421.89μm in the control group.There were no significant differences in the width and height of the PPVP between the two groups on gender and age.In the case group,the height of PPVP was correlated with the diopter(P=0.038).The higher the myopia diopter,the higher the PPVP,and the width of PPVP was independent of the diopter.4.The morphology of PPVP in the case group was observed,5 eyes were ship-shaped,2 eyes were oval,and 3 eyes were cross-hook.In the control group,24 eyes were boat shaped,3 eyes were oval shaped,and 8 eyes were cross-hook shaped.Boat PPVP was more common in the normal control group than in the case group(P<0.01).5.In the case group,14 eyes with absence of PVD,including 2 males,31 eyes had PVD,including 6 males,while in the control group,18 eyes with absence of PVD,including 3 males,36 eyes had PVD,including 7 males.There were no significant differences in the presence of PVD between the two groups on age,gender and diopter(P>0.05).6.The CST thickness and BCVA of different forms of PVD were different in the case group.The CST with PVD was thicker than the CST without PVD(P=0.042),and BCVA of PVD with vitreomacular traction was worse than that of complete PVD(P=0.049).There was no significant correlation between PVD morphology and CST and BCVA in control group(P>0.05).7.Different PVD stages affected the prognosis of BCVA and CST.The prognosis of BCVA was the worst in PVD with vitreomacular traction,the best in BCVA with complete PVD(P=0.001),and the prognosis of CST with PVD was worse than that without PVD(P=0.031).PVD staging had no effect on the FAZ and blood flow density(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in prognosis of ERM with or without PPVP(P>0.05).8.The presence or absence of PVD has no significant influence on the height and width of PPVP,and the presence or absence of PPVP also has no significant influence on the occurrence of PVD.Conclusions:1.Patients who had ERM with the presence of PPVP have greater diopter,and the height of PPVP increases with the increase of diopter.2.The common form of PPVP is boat shape,with oval shape and cross-hook shape.3.Patients who had ERM with partial PVD accompanied by VMT had worse vision and poor prognosis than patients with complete PVD,while patients with complete PVD had a better prognosis.4.Patients who had ERM without PVD have thinner CST and better prognosis.