A Study On The Improvement Of Global Equitable Distribution System Of Vaccines

Vaccines are undoubtedly the most powerful weapon in ending COVID-19,which remains a global pandemic.There is a serious imbalance between supply and demand of COVID-19 vaccines and uneven global distribution.Developed countries,led by western countries,have given priority to their own interests,pursued "vaccine nationalism" to weaken joint efforts against the epidemic.There is a realistic urgency and obvious institutional need to improve the equitable distribution system of vaccines around the world.Global justice and the right to life and health priority provide a solid theoretical foundation for equitable vaccine distribution systems.The obligation to cooperate on human rights in the field of health and the obligation to share virus resources forms the normative basis for the system of equitable distribution of vaccines,and the pre-purchase agreement for vaccines provides specific modalities for the distribution of vaccines.At the practical level,sovereign states,international organizations and public-private cooperation organizations will participate in the joint implementation of vaccine distribution and public health governance.However,the short-sighted view of nationalism and western centrism,which put national interests first,restricts the traditional vaccine distribution practice of major countries in theory.The lack of mandatory international health norms,the lack of mandatory obligations for virus sharing mechanisms,and conflicts between intellectual property rights and public health protection constitute legal barriers to vaccine distribution.In practice,it is urgent to improve the poor operation of WHO,the lack of supply capacity of traditional powers and the inadequate governance capacity of emerging powers.Fragmented governance mechanisms is likely to lead to policy overlap and resource waste.COVID-19 is a problem and challenge faced by all mankind.Therefore,improving the global equitable distribution system of vaccines should be based on the common values of all mankind and the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind,so as to guide the practice.We will improve the multi-stakeholder public health governance system,improve the coordinated governance mechanism,give full play to the leading role of major countries,improve the public health governance capacity of emerging major countries,and attach importance to the role of non-state actors.In terms of system design,we should work out more effective international health treaties,build a multilateral virus sharing mechanism,cooperate to build a global vaccine fund,promote temporary exemption of vaccine intellectual property rights,and improve COVID-19 technology patent pool.