| Objectives: To evaluate the effects of the Lifestyle Integrated Functional Exercise(Li FE)intervention on frailty status,physical function,activities of daily living and life-space in prefrail or frail older adults.Methods:(1)Study design: This study was a two-group,single-blind,randomized controlled trial.Using convenience sampling method,36 prefrail or frail older adults were recruited from July to September in2021 from a Second A hospital and a community health service center in Lvliang,Shanxi Province.Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group(n=18)or the control group(n=18)using stratified randomization method.The intervention group received the Li FE program intervention and the control group received health education on frailty and exercise.(2)Data collection: Participants were assessed using the General Information Questionnaire,Fried Frailty Scale,Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB),Activities of Daily Living Scale(ADL)and Life-Space Assessment(LSA)at baseline(T0),at the end of the intervention(T1),and two months after the end of the intervention(T2)respectively.Activity record adherence of participants in intervention group was assessed based on the completion of the participant’s activity record form,and activity exercise adherence was assessed based on the participant’s self-reported activity in the last activity period.(3)Statistical analysis: IBM SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis.Frequencies,percentages,means and standard deviations were used to describe the general demographic and health-related information of the participants;Fisher’s exact test,t-test and rank sum test were used to compare the baseline data of the experimental and control groups;t-test,Fisher’s exact test and repeated measurement analysis of variance were used to assess the effects of the intervention.Results:(1)A total of 36 frail or pre-frail older adults(18 each in the experimental and control groups)completed the entire study and data collection.There was no statistically significant difference in T0 information between the participants of the two groups(P>0.05).(2)At T1 and T2,the differences in frailty scores and SPPB scores between participants in the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.01),while the differences in activities of daily living and life-space were not statistically significant(P>0.05).At T1,there was a significant difference between the two groups in "slow gait"(P<0.05);At T2,there was a significant difference between the two groups in "weakness","slowness","poor endurance and energy " and "low physical activity"(P<0.05).At T1,the scores of SPPB Walking Test and Sit-Stand Test between the two groups were significantly different(P<0.01);At T2,the scores of SPPB Balance Test,Walking Test and Sit-To-Stand Test between the two groups were significantly different(P<0.001).(3)Repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that there were differences in the Fried frailty scores and SPPB scores between the two groups at different measurement times and different intervention methods(P<0.05),and there were interactions between measurement time and intervention method(P<0.001).There were no differences in the ADL scores and life-space scores between the two groups at different measurement times and intervention methods(P>0.05),but there was an interaction between measurement time and intervention method(P<0.05).(4)Activity record adherence of Li FE program was 83.3%,and activity exercise adherence was 94.4%.Conclusions:(1)The Li FE program intervention can improve the grip strength,walking speed,activity levels and endurance of pre-frail or frail older adults,helping to improve the frailty status of older adults.(2)The Li FE program intervention can help improve balance test,walking test and sit-to-stand test performance and improve physical function in pre-frail or frail older people.(3)The overall adherence of the participants of intervention group of the Li FE program was good. |
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