Study On The Correlation Between Butyrate And Gallstone

Background: Gallbladder stones is a common disease of surgical digestive system,with high incidence,complicated etiology,many complications and other clinical characteristics.More than 90% of gallbladder stones are cholesterol gallstones,and cholesterol supersaturation and cholesterol crystal precipitation in bile are the key factors for the formation of cholesterol gallstones.The correlation between bacteria and the occurrence of gallbladder cholesterol stones has always been a research hot-spot in the academic community,with the continuous progress of metagenomics and Illumina Miseq second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology,the composition and structure of intestinal flora and biliary flora,as well as their relationship with the formation of gallbladder cholesterol stones and other issues are gradually known to people.Butyrate is a beneficial short-chain fatty acid produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by intestinal probiotics.At present,numerous studies have been conducted on gallbladder cholesterol stones and intestinal flora,but there are few studies on the correlation between gallbladder cholesterol stones and butyric acid.Objective: In view of the above background,this study intends to start from the butyric acid which is the bacterial metabolite and use the liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS)detection technology to determine the content of butyric acid in the bile and feces of patients with gallbladder cholesterol stone as well as the feces of healthy people,and analyze and compare the content,so as to discuss the relationship between butyric acid and cholesterol.It provides an important theoretical basis for further study on the bacteriological mechanism of gallbladder cholesterol stone formation,and also provides some reference for the prevention and treatment of gallbladder cholesterol stone.Methods: In this study,the samples of butyric acid content and cholesterol content in bile were taken from the gallbladder bile of patients,and the samples of butyric acid content and cholesterol content in feces were taken from the feces of patients and healthy people.After review by the ethics committees,the informed consent form was signed with the specimen collection object,bile and fecal samples were collected from 20 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to the Second Department of General Surgery of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from June 2020 to November 2020,and fecal samples from 10 healthy people from the Physical Examination Center of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University.The main methods were as follows :(1)Determination the butyric acid in bile and feces by LC-MS;(2)Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine cholesterol content in bile and feces.To study and compare the differences between the two groups and analyze the correlation between butyric acid and cholesterol.Results: 1.Compared with the healthy control group,the BMI of gallbladder cholesterol stone patients was significantly higher,and the results were statistically significant(P<0.05);2.Compared with the healthy control group,the patients with gallbladder cholesterol stones were older and the proportion of women is much higher,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05);3.Compared with the healthy control group,the fecal cholesterol content in patients with gallbladder cholesterol stone was significantly increased and butyric acid content was significantly decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).4.According to the correlation analysis of cholesterol and butyric acid in feces of healthy control group and the correlation analysis of butyric acid and cholesterol in bile and feces of patients with gallbladder cholesterol stone showed a negative correlation between cholesterol and butyric acid,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusions: Intestinal cholesterol content was significantly increased and butyric acid content was significantly decreased in patients with gallbladder cholesterol stones,and there was a negative correlation between cholesterol content and butyric acid content,suggesting that butyric acid,a metabolite of intestinal probiotics,may play a role in the occurrence and development of gallbladder cholesterol stones,but its specific mechanism remains to be further explored.