Development And Psychometric Test Of The Maternal Childbirth Trauma Scale

Objectives To develop the Maternal Childbirth Trauma Scale and to test the reliability and validity of the scale.Methods Methods1.An initial pool of entries was formed after literature review,subject discussion and expert consultation.2.The initial scale was formed after two rounds of Delphi expert consultation and a pre-survey of 20 mothers.3.178 mothers at 2 weeks postpartum were selected for assessment by purposive sampling method,and the items of the maternal childbirth trauma scale were screened by using item analysis(decisive value method,Cronbach’s alpha coefficient method,correlation coefficient method,and factor analysis method).The validity of the scale was examined by structural validity and content validity.Internal consistency reliability,retest reliability,and split-half reliability were used to test the reliability of the scale.Results1.this study formed a pool of entries with 67 items.2.17 consultation questionnaires were distributed for each of the two rounds of expert consultation.The positive degree of experts consultation in the two rounds was94.12% and 100%,respectively.The authority coefficients of experts in the two rounds were 0.893 and 0.890,respectively.The degree of coordination of experts’ opinions Kendall’s W was 0.127 and 0.134,respectively.26 items were deleted and 11 items were modified and merged in the first round of expert consultation,in addition,1 item was added to the second round of expert consultation.The second round of expert consultation deleted 16 items and added 3 items.In addition,the initial scale with 31 items was generated by combining the maternal suggestions with no changes in the pre-survey of 20 mothers.3.After item analysis,items 4,5,14,15,and 30 were deleted,leaving 26 items.After the first exploratory factor analysis 5 common factors were extracted,which cumulatively explained 63.007% of the total variance,and the item 2,which was clearly inconsistent with other items,was deleted,and the second exploratory factor analysis was conducted,and 5 common factors were still extracted,which cumulatively explained 65.188% of the total variance.The final dimensions after renumbering and naming were somatic(4 items),emotional cognition(8 items),social relationships and support(4 items),maternal role adaptation(4 items),and behavior(5 items).The total content validity index of this study was 0.987,and the content validity of each item was0.857 ～ 1.000.The results of the reliability analysis showed that the total retest reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.824 and the total Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.932.The correlation coefficient of the split-half reliability was 0.851.Conclusions The Maternal Childbirth Trauma Scale has good reliability and validity and can be used to assess maternal postpartum childbirth trauma.