Clinical Study Of Brain Function Changes In Parkinson’s Disease With Depression Based On Resting Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Aims:Exploring the characteristics of local brain activity and brain network connectivity in patients with Parkinson’s disease and depression(DPD),and analyzing the correlation between brain functional activity and depression level in DPD patients,with the aim of exploring neuronal activity,brain network connectivity,and possible neuroimaging mechanisms related to DPD.Materials and methods:The resting functional magnetic resonance data of 26 patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD)and 11 healthy controls(HC)were collected.The PD group was divided into DPD group and PD with non-depression group(NDPD)according to the SDS score.The obtained data were analyzed using low-frequency vibration(ALFF)and functional connectivity(FC)analysis methods to observe the changes of brain functional activity and brain network connectivity in patients with DPD and NDPD,Comparisons between groups were carried out through two-sample t-test and after correction by Gaussian random field theory(GRF).Result:1.Compared with NDPD group,the brain areas with decreased ALFF value in DPD group include left cerebellar area 8,right posterior cingulate gyrus,right medial and paracingulate gyrus.Compared with HC group,the brain areas with higher ALFF value in DPD group included the right gyrus rectus muscle,and the brain areas with lower ALFF value included the left cerebellum 4,5,right anterior cuneiform lobe,and left anterior central gyrus.Compared with HC group,the brain areas with decreased ALFF value in NDPD group included left insula and right insula.2.Take the left anterior central gyrus as ROI and make functional connection based on the whole brain level.Compared with NDPD group,there is no significant difference in FC value between DPD group and left anterior central gyrus.Compared with HC group,the areas with increased FC value in the left anterior central gyrus in the DPD group and the left anterior central gyrus included the right cerebellar Crus1 area,the left orbitofrontal cortex,the right anterior cuneiform lobe,and the right superior parietal gyrus,and the right trigeminal inferior frontal gyrus with decreased FC value in the left anterior central gyrus.Compared with HC group,the brain areas with increased FC value in NDPD group and left anterior central gyrus included right cerebellar area 6,left hippocampus,left inferior parietal marginal angular gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus,and the brain areas with decreased FC value in NDPD group and left anterior central gyrus included right trigeminal inferior frontal gyrus.3.Pearson correlation analysis found that there was a negative correlation between SDS score and ALFF value in the left cerebellar region 8(r=-0.746,P=0.0055).Conclusion:The patients with DPD have extensive abnormalities in brain function and activity and changes in the connectivity of brain network.The main brain areas include cerebellum,cingulate gyrus,anterior cuneiform lobe and anterior central gyrus;The main brain networks include sensorimotor network,default mode network,striatum-thalamus-cortex circuit and cerebellum-thalamus-cortex circuit.These results indicate that the interaction and coordination between the brain functional networks in PD patients is not a focal pathological change,and the enhancement of the activity of some brain regions and the change of FC between the brain functional networks in DPD patients may be the manifestation of the functional compensation of the brain regions in early DPD patients.There is a negative correlation between the ALFF index in the left cerebellar region 8 of patients with DPD and the SDS score,revealing the role of cerebellum in the pathogenesis of depression in patients with DPD,providing a new perspective for further exploring the pathophysiological mechanism of DPD,better understanding the pathophysiological mechanism related to PD,and may help to develop new treatment strategies and targets.