| Objective To analyze the status of iodized salt consumption in children families and pregnant women families in Bengbu city.To analyze iodine nutrition status of children and pregnant women in Bengbu city.To explore the factors affecting urinary iodine concentration and thyroid volume;The comprehensive iodine nutrition status of children and pregnant women in three counties and four districts of Bengbu City is evaluated with entropy weight TOPSIS evaluation method,so as to provide theoretical guidance and data support for scientific and reasonable iodine supplement measures for children and pregnant women in Bengbu city.Methods A multi-stage sampling method was used to divide into seven sampling districts in Bengbu city,and one township or street was randomly selected from each district according to the east,west,south,north and middle directions.A primary school was randomly selected from each township or street,and 40 non-boarding children aged8-10 were selected from the primary schools.One random urine sample and a salt sample were collected from the children included in the children monitoring group,and iodine content in the children’s urine and salt were detected.The thyroid volume of the child was measured,the rate of goiters was calculated,and the height and weight of the child were measured.Twenty pregnant women were randomly selected from each township or street as pregnant women monitoring group.One random urine sample and a salt sample were collected from the pregnant women included in the monitoring group,and iodine content in urine and salt of the pregnant women were measured.Data summary and collation were analyzed by software Excel2019 and SPSS25.0.Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that iodine in salt,iodine in urine and thyroid volume of children were all skewed distribution data,which were statistically described by median and quad.Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for data of skewness distribution among multiple groups,and Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between two groups.The rate between groups was compared by chi-square test.Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient r,correlation ratio E~2and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.P<0.05 on both sides was considered statistically significant.The iodine nutrition status of children and pregnant women in three counties and four districts of Bengbu City from2017 to 2021 is comprehensively evaluated by entropy weight TOPSIS evaluation method.Results A total of 7000 salt samples were tested from 2017 to 2021 in children’s families in Bengbu City.The total coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.34%,the qualified rate of iodized salt was 94.26%,the qualified consumption rate of iodized salt was 93.64%,and the median iodized salt was 22.9mg/kg.Cumulative monitoring of 7000 children aged8 to 10 years from 2017 to 2021,whose median urinary iodine was 252.3μg/L.The median urinary iodine level of children in each year was 256.3μg/L,223.6μg/L,243.2μg/L,266.9μg/L and 280.3μg/L respectively,all of which are in the super optimal level.In the overall distribution of urinary iodine content in children,the proportion of iodine deficiency,appropriate amount,excess amount and excess amount were 9.3%,21.1%,30.1%and 39.5%.There were statistically significant differences in urinary iodine level among children of different years,genders and regions(H=83.959,Z=-6.066,H=1908.720,P<0.05).A total of 7000 thyroid were tested from 2017 to 2021 in children,the total rate of goiters was 1.7%.A total of 3500 salt samples were tested from 2017 to 2021 in pregnant women’s families in Bengbu City.The total coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.91%,the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.51%,and the qualified rate of eating iodized salt was 98.43%.Cumulative monitoring of 3500 pregnant women from 2017 to 2021,whose median urinary iodine was 183.9μg/L.The median urinary iodine level of pregnant women in each year was 189.2μg/L,171.2μg/L,189.6μg/L,194.3μg/L and 175.0μg/L,respectively.The urine iodine level of pregnant women is all in the appropriate level.There were statistically significant differences in urinary iodine levels of pregnant women in different years and regions(H=18.563,H=31.296,P<0.005).In the overall distribution of iodine content in urine of pregnant women,the proportion of iodine deficiency,appropriate amount,excess amount and excess amount were 36.7%,33.7%,23.3%and 6.2%,respectively.Correlation analysis results showed that urinary iodine concentration was positively correlated with BMI,BSA and region.Thyroid volume was positively correlated with urinary iodine,age,BMI and BSA in children.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the independent factors affecting the thyroid volume of children were urinary iodine,age and BSA.The influencing factors in descending order were BSA,age and urinary iodine.The entropy weight TOPSIS results showed that the order of children iodine nutrition evaluation in Bengbu was Huaishang District,Wuhe County,Guzhen County,Longzihu District,Bangshan District,Yuhui District and Huaiyuan County.The iodine nutritional status of pregnant women was evaluated in the following order:Huaishang District,Yuhui District,Huaiyuan County,Longzihu District,Wuhe County,Guzhen County and Bangshan District.Conclusions 1.Children’s families and pregnant women’s families in Bengbu City generally enjoy good iodized salt consumption.2.Bengbu City has a low overall rate of goiters among children,and the iodine nutrition is above optimal level,while the overall iodine nutrition of pregnant women is appropriate,but it suggests that some children have iodine deficiency and excess,while pregnant women have the risk of iodine deficiency.3.Multiple linear regression results show that BSA is the biggest factor affecting thyroid volume in children.The entropy weight TOPSIS results showed that the top three areas in the evaluation sequence of children’s iodine nutrition status in Bengbu city were Huaishang District,Wuhe County and Guzhen County.The top three areas in the order of iodine nutritional status evaluation of pregnant women were Huaishang District,Yuhui District and Huaiyuan County. |
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