The Detection Of Serum Level Of Type 2 Inflammation Cytokines And Its Clinical Value In The Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid

Objective:To detect the expression of serum interleukin 5(IL-5)、IL-4、IL-13、IL-31in patients with bullous pemphigoid(BP),and observe the levels of eosinophil(EOS)in peripheral blood、serum total immunoglobulin E(Ig E)、anti-BP180/-BP230 antibodies、the degree of itching in patients and the diseases servity,and explore the relationship of IL-5、IL-4、IL-13、IL-31,and BP itching,diseases servity,EOS,Ig E,anti-BP180/-BP230antibodies,and the potential mechanisms of the role involved in BP pruritus.Methods:A case-control study was used.Clinical data and blood samples were collected from 45patients with first diagnosis of BP,and 24 healthy controls.Serum levels of IL-5,IL-4,IL-13 and IL-31 were measured by ELISA in all subjects,SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and then the differences in serum levels of IL-5,IL-4,IL-13 and IL-31between the BP and healthy control groups were compared.The Spearman analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum levels of IL-5,IL-4,IL-13 and IL-31 and clinical characteristics of patients with BP.Results:The mean serum IL-5、IL-13、IL-31level of BP group(129.51±111.76 pg/ml、53.49±37.6 pg/ml、24.13±14.45 pg/ml)significantly higher than that of healthy controls(38.15±27.33 pg/ml、3.09±2.33 pg/ml、6.51±3.58 pg/ml),there was no statistically significant difference in serum IL-4 levels between BP patients(2.02±1.63 pg/ml)and healthy controls(1.36±1.0 pg/ml);About 1/2BP patients had elevated peripheral blood EOS levels,which were positively correlated with patient pruritus,disease severity and anti-BP180 antibody levels;serum anti-BP180/-BP230antibodies levels in BP patients was positively correlated with disease severity(r_s=0.468,P<0.05;r_s=0.385,P<0.05);Serum IL-5、IL-13、IL-31 levels in the BP group were associated with pruritus(r_s=0.306,P<0.05;r_s=0.323,P<0.05;r_s=0.357,P<0.05);There was a positive correlation between serum IL-5 levels and peripheral blood EOS levels(r_s=0.311,P<0.05)and anti-BP180 antibody levels(r_s=0.306,P<0.05)in patients with BP.There was no correlation between serum IL-5、IL-4、IL-13、IL-31 levels in BP patients(P>0.05);There was no correlation between serum total Ig E levels in BP patients and other factors(P>0.05).Conclusion:The serum expression of type 2 cytokines IL-5、IL-13、IL-31 levels in BP patients was elevated,and the 1evel was positively correlated with the degree of itching.Type 2 inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of BP and plays a key role in BP-related pruritus.